3.2 Relationship between prenatal antibiotic exposure and atopic
dermatitis
In the present study, prenatal antibiotic exposure was associated with
higher rates of AD (4 per 1000 person-months, 95% CI 3.98-4.03)
compared to unexposed groups (3.5 per 1000 person-months, 95% CI
3.48-3.52) (HR 1.13, 95% CI 1.12-1.14) (Table 2). After adjusting for
covariates, the association still persisted in the Cox proportional
hazards model (HR 1.05, 95% CI 1.04-1.06) (Table 2). The cumulative
probability of AD was significantly higher in the prenatal antibiotic
exposure group than in the non-exposure group (log-rank test P<0.001, Figure 1).