Gemtuzumab ozogamicin monotherapy is a well-tolerated palliative
chemotherapy option in pediatric multiply relapsed acute myeloid
leukemia: a multi-center case series and review of the literature
Abstract
Gemtuzumab ozogamicin (GO) is an anti-CD33 antibody that is FDA approved
in upfront acute myeloid leukemia (AML) for patients over 1 month-old,
and for relapsed or refractory AML in patients over 2 years-old. GO is
now integrated in upfront pediatric AML treatment, and often in CD33+
relapse treatment combined with intensive conventional chemotherapy.
Although GO was initially tested as a monotherapeutic agent in relapsed
or refractory AML ([1](#ref-0001)
,[2](#ref-0002)), there are few data in pediatric
patients supporting this indication. In this review, we report 4 cases
of multiply relapsed pediatric AML patients that were treated with GO
monotherapy with palliative intent. Three out of 4 patients obtained a
complete response with GO re-induction, either as monotherapy or paired
with conventional chemotherapy. Three patients remained in remission
respectively for 5, 17, and 9 months with GO continuation monotherapy.
The literature was reviewed regarding the use of GO in pediatric AML
relapse settings.