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Association of arterial blood pH at cannulation with 1-year survival among VA-ECMO recipients: the three seven rule
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  • Nabil Dib,
  • Yaniss Belaroussi,
  • Alexandre Mansour,
  • Nabila El Gueddari,
  • Amedeo Anselmi,
  • Karl Bounader,
  • Marie Aymami,
  • Jean-Philippe Verhoye,
  • Vincent AUFFRET,
  • Nicolas Nesseler,
  • Erwan Flecher
Nabil Dib
Hopital Pontchaillou

Corresponding Author:nabil.dib@anemf.org

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Yaniss Belaroussi
Hopital Pontchaillou
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Alexandre Mansour
Hopital Pontchaillou
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Nabila El Gueddari
Hopital Pontchaillou
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Amedeo Anselmi
Hopital Pontchaillou
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Karl Bounader
Hopital Pontchaillou
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Marie Aymami
Hopital Pontchaillou
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Jean-Philippe Verhoye
Hopital Pontchaillou
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Vincent AUFFRET
Hopital Pontchaillou
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Nicolas Nesseler
Hopital Pontchaillou
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Erwan Flecher
Hopital Pontchaillou
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Abstract

Objective We aimed to describe the clinical outcomes of patients receiving veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation therapy considering clinical context and pH at cannulation. Methods We reviewed all patients having received veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation therapy at a tertiary referral center during the 2005-2020 period with 1-year complete follow up. Our cohort was divided in three groups according to the pH level at cannulation: pH<7 (group 1), pH 7-7.2 (group 2) and pH>7.2 (group 3). Survival was analyzed using Kaplan–Meier method. Association between pH group and survival was estimated using a Cox model. Results Among the 951 patients in our database, 572 were included in 3 different groups according to their pH at implantation: 60 patients in group 1, 115 in group 2 and 397 in group 3. Main indications of mechanical support were refractory cardiogenic shock (36%), post cardiotomy (28%), early graft failure (12%), refractory cardiac arrest (11%). One-year survival rate was 13% in group 1, 36% in group 2, 43% in group 3 respectively (p<0.001). Death mainly occurred within the first month. The strong correlation between pH and lactates led to propose a simple “three seven rule”: pH<7 and lactate >7 was associated with <7% survival. Conclusion Extracorporeal veno-arterial membrane oxygenation should be considered with caution in patients with pH<7. Lactates and pH level might be important parameters to elaborate a new score to predict survival in this population. The simplicity of the “three seven rule” can be very relevant when facing emergency situations.