Cardiac toxicity associated with pharmacokinetic drug–drug interaction
between crizotinib and sofosbuvir/velpatasvir: a case report
Abstract
This case report describes of a pharmacokinetic drug–drug interaction
between crizotinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, and
sofosbuvir/velpatasvir, a direct-acting antiviral drug, leading to
cardiac toxicity. A 75-year-old man, with no cardiovascular history but
a diagnosis of metastatic non-small cell lung cancer with MET exon-14
deletion and hepatitis C virus infection genotype 1A, received both
crizotinib and sofosbuvir/velpatasvir. Crizotinib was well tolerated,
but 1 week after sofosbuvir/velpatasvir initiation, the patient
experienced bilateral lower-limb edema and class III NYHA dyspnea. We
assumed that increased exposure to crizotinib could account for this
cardiac toxicity. Drug causality was probable according to the Naranjo
scale. We hypothesized a reciprocal interaction between crizotinib and
velpatasvir, mediated by both cytochrome 3A4 (CYP3A4) and P-glycoprotein
(P-gp). Clinicians should be aware of the risk of drug–drug
interactions between direct-acting antiviral agents that inhibit CYP3A4
(glecaprevir) and/or P-gp (voxilaprevir) and anticancer tyrosine kinase
inhibitors that are mostly CYP3A4 and/or P-gp substrates (gefitinib,
afatinib, erlotinib, crizotinib, ceritinib, lorlatinib, brigatinib,
capmatinib etc.).