Sleep questionnaires
Subjective sleep was assessed with two questionnaires (both self-report
and proxy-report) from the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement
Information System (PROMIS)23.
The PROMIS Pediatric Sleep Disturbance short form 8a consists of eight
questions and assesses satisfaction with sleep, including difficulties
and concerns with falling asleep and staying asleep. The PROMIS
Pediatric Sleep Related Impairment short form 8a is another eight-item
questionnaire, focusing on perceptions associated with sleep problems.
It measures impaired alertness, tiredness and sleepiness during usual
waking hours and impaired functioning. Parents complete similar
proxy-versions. The questionnaires assess sleep over the past seven
days, are generic rather than disease-specific and do not focus on
symptoms of specific sleep disorders. Both questionnaires demonstrated
strong internal consistency reliability and clinical
validiy24. Raw scores are rescaled into T-scores with
a mean of 50 and a standard deviation (SD) of 10. Questionnaire-specific
cut-off points for moderate (75–94th percentile) and severe (≥ 95th
percentile) sleep problems were used25.