He et al. [48]
|
2020
|
meta-analysis (93 studies)
|
SHS exposure
|
the positive association between SHS exposure and doctor-diagnosed
asthma in children (OR=1.24, 95% CI: 1.20; 1.28)
prenatal exposure: OR=1.25, 95% CI: 1.16; 1.33
postnatal exposure: OR=1.24, 95% CI: 1.20; 1.28
maternal smoking during and after pregnancy: OR=1.38, 95% CI:
1.11; 1.65
exposure at different ages:
0-2 years old: OR=1.45, 95% CI: 1.24; 1.65
3-6 years old: OR=1.23, 95% CI: 1.16; 1.30
7-14 years old: OR=1.22, 95% CI: 1.14; 1.30
15-18 years old: OR=1.11, 95% CI: 0.91; 1.31
|
Thacher et al. [50] |
2018 |
5 European birth cohort studies
(n=10 860 participants) |
maternal smoking |
exposure to
≥10 cigarettes/day and early transient and persistent asthma: OR=2.07
(95% CI 1.60-2.68) and OR=1.66 (95% CI: 1.29; 2.15),
respectively |
Neuman et al. [49]
|
2012
|
8 European birth cohorts
(n=21 600 children)
|
Maternal daily cigarette consumption
|
childhood asthma (OR=1.65, 95% CI: 1.18; 2.31)
|
Mitchell et al. [56]
|
2012
|
Cross-sectional study including 220 407 children (6-7 years of age) from
75 centres in 32 countries and 350 654 adolescents (13-14 years of age)
from 118 centres in 53 countries
|
current paternal smoking
|
positive association between SHS exposure and asthma at different ages:
6-7 years old: OR=1.11, 95% CI: 1.06; 1.15
13-14 years old: OR=1.08, 95% CI: 1.04; 1.12
and with severe asthma symptoms
6-7 years old: OR=1.23, 95% CI: 1.16; 1.30
13-14 years old: OR=1.26, 95% CI: 1.20; 1.32
dose-response association between the amount currently smoked and the
risk of asthma
1-9 cigarettes/day: OR=1.03, 95% CI: 0.97; 1.10
10-19 cigarettes/day: OR=1.11, 95% CI: 1.04; 1.18
≥20 cigarettes/day: OR=1.18, 95% CI: 1.11; 1.26)
|
Harju et al. [57]
|
2016
|
Hospital-based birth retrospective observational birth cohort study
including 39 306 women, delivering between 1989 and 2006
|
SHS exposure
|
risk of asthma among children when both parents smoked: OR=3.7, 95 %
Cl: 3.2; 4.4
risk of asthma among children whose fathers smoke and mother quit during
pregnancy: OR= 2.8, 95 % Cl: 2.3; 3.4
|
Miller et al. [58] |
2014 |
Cross-sectional study |
Paternal
smoking |
positive association between paternal smoking during puberty
and asthma in children: OR=1.17, 95% CI: 0.97; 1.41 |
Wang et al. [53]
|
2015
|
Systematic review (n=25 studies)
|
SHS exposure
|
risk of hospitalization for asthma among children with asthma: OR=1.85,
95% CI: 1.20; 2.86
visits to emergency department or urgent care: OR=1.66, 95% CI: 1.02;
2.69
increased risk of wheezing: OR=1.32, 95% CI: 1.24; 1.41
|
Bayly et al. [59] |
2019 |
school-based cross-sectional
survey including 11 830 children (aged 11-17 years) |
SHS exposure to
e-cigarettes |
positive association between SHS exposure to e-cigarettes
and asthma attack in the past 12 months: OR=1.27, 95% CI: 1.11;
1.47 |
Alnajem et al. [60]
|
2020
|
school-based cross-sectional enrolling high school students (n=1565,
aged 16-19 years)
|
SHS exposure to e-cigarettes
|
positive association between exposure to household SHS to e-cigarettes:
current asthma: PR = 1.56, 95% CI: 1.13; 2.16
current uncontrolled asthma symptoms: PR = 1.88, 95% CI: 1.35;
2.62
|