Primary outcome
Seven trials (7, 13-15, 18, 29) that reported intubation rates indicated
that NHFOV reduced the intubation rate significantly, compared with
NIPPV (Fig. 2). However, the subgroup analysis by study type found no
significant differences in the rates between NHFOV and NIPPV in the
cohort studies or RCTs (Fig. 2).
Three trials (8, 26,36) did not limit the time of reintubation, and
indicated that NHFOV reduced the reintubation rate significantly,
compared with NIPPV (Fig. 3a). However, the subgroup analysis by study
type found no significant differences in the rates between NHFOV and
NIPPV in the cohort studies or RCTs (Fig. 3a). Five RCTs (8, 9, 17, 20,
28) reported reintubation rates within 72 h. No significant difference
was found in the reduction of the reintubation rate between NHFOV and
NIPPV (Fig. 3b). Four trials (16, 19, 21, 22) that reported reintubation
rates within 7 days found no significant differences between NHFOV and
NIPPV(suppl. eFig. 3). Stratification of the results by study design
showed the pooled random effects OR was 0.70 for RCTs and 0.72 for
cohort studies (suppl. eFig. 3).