2.2 Evaluation of Literature Quality
The quality of the PPK report was evaluated according to previous guidelines of PK reports (Kanji et al. [17] and Jamsen et al. [18]) that assist in transparent and complete reporting. A checklist with 24 items was developed to summarise the key points of the report. All items were categorised into five sections: the title and abstract, background and introduction, methods, results, and discussion and conclusion, according to their relevance to the sections of the research report.
If there was a description in the paper that conforms to the criterion, the scoring item will be counted as 1 point. If it was not reported, zero points were given. Each identified study was evaluated based on these criteria. Compliance of the included PPK studies was reported as a proportion. The compliance rate was calculated as follows:
\begin{equation} \text{compliance\ rate\ }\left(\%\right)=\frac{\text{sum\ of\ reported\ items}}{\text{sum\ of\ all\ items}}\times 100\%\nonumber \\ \end{equation}