Impact of isorhamnetin for suppression of electrical and structural
remodeling via CaMKII-RyR2 and TRPC-mediated MAPK pathways in atrial
fibrillation
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Isorhamnetin, a natural flavonoid, has strong
antioxidant and anti-fibrotic effects, and a regulatory effect against
Ca2+-handling. Atrial remodeling due to fibrosis and abnormal
intracellular Ca2+ activities contributes to initiation and persistence
of atrial fibrillation (AF). This study investigated the effect of
isorhamnetin on angiotensin II (AngII)-induced AF in mice. Experimental
Approach: Wild-type male mice (C57BL/6J, 8 weeks old) were assigned to
three groups: (1) control group, (2) AngII-treated group, and (3)
AngII-and isorhamnetin-treated groups. AngII (1000 ng/kg/min) and
isorhamnetin (5 mg/kg) were administered continuously via an implantable
osmotic pump for two weeks and intraperitoneally one week before
initiating AngII administration, respectively. AF induction and
electrophysiological studies, Ca2+ imaging with isolated atrial myocytes
and HL-1 cells, and action potential duration (APD) measurements using
HL-1 cells were performed. AF-related molecule expression was assessed
and histopathological examination was performed. Key Results:
Isorhamnetin decreased AF inducibility compared to the AngII group and
restored AngII-induced atrial effective refractory period prolongation.
Isorhamnetin eliminated abnormal diastolic intracellular Ca2+ activities
induced by AngII. Isorhamnetin also abrogated AngII-induced APD
prolongation and abnormal Ca2+ loading in HL-1 cells. Furthermore,
isorhamnetin strongly attenuated AngII-induced left atrial enlargement
and atrial fibrosis. AngII-induced elevated expression of AF-associated
molecules, such as ox-CaMKII, p-RyR2, p-JNK, p-ERK, and TRPC3/6, was
improved by isorhamnetin treatment. Conclusion and Implications: The
findings of this study suggest that isorhamnetin prevents AngII-induced
AF vulnerability and arrhythmogenic atrial remodeling via modulating
CaMKII-RyR2 and TRPC-mediated MAPK pathways, highlighting its potential
as an anti-arrhythmogenic pharmaceutical or dietary supplement.