N |
40 |
20 |
327 |
|
Maternal age at delivery, yr |
28.9 (8.0) |
23.6 (6.1) |
27.4 (6.4) |
0.012 |
Maternal age at delivery, categories |
|
|
|
|
<34 years |
29 (72.5) |
18 (90.0) |
277 (84.7) |
0.105 |
≥35 years |
11 (27.5) |
2 (10.0) |
50 (15.3) |
|
Maternal Body-mass-index (BMI), kg/m2
|
28.5 (8.5) |
24.9 (4.5) |
27.4 (6.6) |
0.152 |
Maternal BMI, categories |
|
|
|
|
<24.9 (under/normal weight) |
15 (40.5) |
12 (60.0) |
142
(45.4) |
0.68 |
25-29.9 (overweight) |
9 (24.3) |
4 (20.0) |
78 (24.9) |
|
≥30-34 (obese) |
13 (35.1) |
4 (20.0) |
93 (29.7) |
|
Maternal race/ethnicity |
|
|
|
|
white non-Hispanic |
12 (30.0) |
8 (40.0) |
132 (40.5) |
0.019 |
black, non-Hispanic |
2 (5.0) |
4 (20.0) |
68 (20.9) |
|
Hispanic |
23 (57.5) |
5 (25.0) |
108 (33.1) |
|
Other |
3 (7.5) |
3 (15.0) |
18 (5.5) |
|
Maternal education, yr |
12.7 (3.6) |
12.5 (2.5) |
13.0 (3.0) |
0.678 |
Maternal education, categories |
|
|
|
|
Less than college |
21 (60.0) |
12 (60.0) |
149 (49.0) |
0.325 |
College or more |
14 (40.0) |
8 (40.0) |
155 (51.0) |
|
Insurance/method of payment |
|
|
|
|
any assistance |
22 (55.0) |
13 (65.0) |
185 (56.6) |
0.738 |
commercial/HMO/Military |
18 (45.0) |
7 (35.0) |
142 (43.4) |
|
Smoked 3 months prior to pregnancy |
6 (17.1) |
3 (15.0) |
58 (19.1) |
0.876 |
Parity |
|
|
|
|
Nulliparous |
15 (37.5) |
10 (50.0) |
147 (45.1) |
0.582 |
Multiparous |
25 (62.5) |
10 (50.0) |
179 (54.9) |
|
Clinical history: Hypertension |
4 (10.0) |
3 (15.0) |
32 (9.8) |
0.754 |
Preeclampsia/Hypertension |
3 (7.7) |
2 (10.5) |
33 (10.5) |
0.862 |
Clinical history: Diabetes (type 1 or 2) |
3 (7.5) |
2 (10.0) |
17 (5.2) |
0.581 |
Gestational Diabetes |
4 (10.0) |
1 (5.0) |
13 (4.0) |
0.232 |
Preterm birth |
38 (95.0) |
16 (80.0) |
269 (82.3) |
0.112 |
Fetal sex: male |
24 (60.0) |
12 (60.0) |
164 (50.3) |
0.385 |
Any fetal structural anomaly |
23 (67.6) |
3 (15.8) |
56 (18.8) |
<.001 |