Outcomes
|
Number of women (Studies)
|
RR/MD
(95%CI)
|
Risk of bias
|
Inconsistency
|
Indirectness
|
Imprecision
|
Publication bias
|
Certainty of evidence
|
Perineal trauma
|
5353 (19)
|
0.84
(0.76, 0.93)
|
Downgraded *
|
Downgraded #
|
Not downgraded
|
Not downgraded
|
Not downgraded
|
Low
|
Episiotomy
|
3193 (12)
|
0.77
(0.62, 0.96)
|
Downgraded *
|
Downgraded #
|
Not downgraded
|
Downgraded §
|
Not downgraded
|
Very low
|
First-degree perineal laceration
|
3581 (11)
|
1.18
(0.92, 1.52)
|
Downgraded *
|
Downgraded #
|
Not downgraded
|
Downgraded §
|
Not downgraded
|
Very low
|
Second-degree perineal laceration
|
3410 (10)
|
0.72
(0.64, 0.82)
|
Downgraded *
|
Not downgraded
|
Not downgraded
|
Not downgraded
|
Not downgraded
|
Moderate
|
Severe perineal laceration
|
2143 (6)
|
0.30
(0.05, 1.87)
|
Downgraded *
|
Not downgraded
|
Not downgraded
|
Downgraded §
|
Not downgraded
|
Low
|
Intact perineum
|
2129 (7)
|
1.22
(0.99, 1.50)
|
Downgraded *
|
Downgraded #
|
Not downgraded
|
Downgraded §
|
Not downgraded
|
Very low
|
Duration of second-stage labor
|
1723 (9)
|
-13.72
(-22.68, -4.77)
|
Downgraded *
|
Downgraded #
|
Not downgraded
|
Downgraded §
|
Not downgraded
|
Very low
|