3.7 | Percent cover and height of the four woody tree species in fenced and unfenced plots
After 5.3 years of fencing, three species increased in percent cover and/or maximum height in fenced compared to unfenced plots. Nyssa sylvatica , the indigenous tree species, had significantly greater cover (P<0.01) and height (P<0.0001) in fenced plots. The indigenous shrub L. benzoin had greater height in fenced plots (P<0.05) and a trend of greater cover, and the nonindigenous, invasive shrub E. alatus had greater cover in fenced plots (P<0.05). In contrast, the nonindigenous, invasive shrubR. multiflora had greater maximum height in unfenced plots, compared to the plots that had been fenced for 5.3 years (P<0.01) (Figure 8) .