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Soil quality and C-S-R fungal communities in monoculture plantations after conversion from subtropical forest
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  • Ting Liu,
  • Xiao Wu,
  • Huangwei Li,
  • Chen Ning,
  • Yong Li,
  • Xuyuan Zhang,
  • Jinsong He,
  • Filimonenko Ekaterina,
  • Shu Chen,
  • Xiaoyong Chen,
  • David Gibson,
  • Yakov Kuzyakov,
  • Wende Yan
Ting Liu
Central South University of Forestry and Technology

Corresponding Author:lt19900501@163.com

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Xiao Wu
Central South University of Forestry and Technology
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Huangwei Li
Central South University of Forestry and Technology
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Chen Ning
Central South University of Forestry and Technology
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Yong Li
Central South University of Forestry and Technology
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Xuyuan Zhang
Central South University of Forestry and Technology
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Jinsong He
Central South University of Forestry and Technology
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Filimonenko Ekaterina
Tyumen State University
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Shu Chen
Southern Illinois University Carbondale
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Xiaoyong Chen
Governors State University
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David Gibson
Southern Illinois University Carbondale
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Yakov Kuzyakov
Institute of Physicochemical and Biological Problems of Soil Science. Russian Academy of Sciences
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Wende Yan
Central South University of Forestry and Technology
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Abstract

Intensive clear cutting of natural forests and conversion to monoculture plantations are ongoing worldwide, leading to degradation of soil quality and microbial functions. Here, we compared soil quality index (SQI) and fungal community in a natural forest (Forest) and four 5-year-old monoculture plantations, including Camellia oleifera (Oil), Amygdalus persica (Peach), Myrica rubra (Berry) and Cunninghamia lanceolata (Fir), in a subtropical region of China. After conversion, soil pH rose up to 0.31, but organic carbon, total nitrogen, sucrase, acid protease, glutaminase and phosphatase activities decreased by 83%, 59%, 43%, 31%, 64%, 66% and 77%, respectively, in the plantations. Correspondingly, the SQI dropped by 65%. High-throughput sequencing of the ITS1 region demonstrated an increase in α-diversity and a striking difference in β-diversity following conversion. Changes in the dominant fungal taxa following forest conversion to plantations was interpreted by Grime’s C-S-R life history framework. Conversion increased the fungal groups with stress-tolerant (S) and ruderal (R) strategies - mainly copiotrophic saprophytes, such as Ascomycota and Zygomycota, but decreased the fungal groups with competitor (C) strategies - mainly oligotrophic saprophytes and mycorrhizal fungi, such as Basidiomycota. Genera affiliated to those phyla including Pseudophialophora, Rhytisma increased, but Russula decreased. Redundancy analysis and structural equation modeling indicated that the diversity and composition of fungal communities changed with soil quality degradation, which were mainly driven by increased soil pH, decreased available carbon and nutrients (N, P), and related enzymes activities.