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National Fontan Operation outcomes at or below 2-years-of-age compared to older than 2- years-of-age
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  • Sandeep Sainathan,
  • Chris Agala,
  • Sameh Said,
  • Leonardo Mulinari ,
  • Mahesh Sharma
Sandeep Sainathan
University of Miami Department of Surgery

Corresponding Author:sainathans@outlook.com

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Chris Agala
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Libraries
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Sameh Said
University of Minnesota Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery
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Leonardo Mulinari
University of Miami Department of Surgery
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Mahesh Sharma
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Libraries
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Abstract

Introduction: Opinion is divided about optimal early timing of the Fontan Operation (FO). While some studies have suggested 3 years-of-age, others have shown good outcomes below 2 years-of -age. We analyzed the impact of age ≤2-years as compared age >2-years on short-term outcome of the FO using a large national database. Methods: A retrospective analysis of the Kids Inpatient Database (2009-16) for the FO was done. The groups were divided into those who underwent FO at age ≤2-years (EF) as compared to age >2-years (LF). The data was abstracted for demographics, clinical characteristics, and operative outcomes. Standard statistical tests were used. Results: 3381 patients underwent FO during this period of which 1482 (44%) were EF. The mean ages of the EF and LF were 1.6 and 4.3, respectively (p< 0.001). LF were more likely to be non-White, female, and have Heterotaxy syndrome. HLHS was more common in EF. There was no difference in the discharge mortality, length of stay, disposition (majority went home), and mean total charges incurred. The overall discharge mortality was low at 0.7% (24/3381). In multivariate analysis: cardiac arrest, acute kidney injury, mechanical ventilation >96 hours, endocardial cushion defect and non-White ethnicity were predictors of a mortality and not age. Conclusion: Contemporary outcomes for FO are excellent with equivalent short-term outcomes in both the age groups. Occurrence of postoperative complications, non-white ethnicity and endocardial cushion defect diagnosis were predictive of a negative outcome.
23 Nov 2021Submitted to Journal of Cardiac Surgery
23 Nov 2021Submission Checks Completed
23 Nov 2021Assigned to Editor
30 Nov 2021Reviewer(s) Assigned
26 Dec 2021Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
06 Jan 2022Editorial Decision: Revise Major
21 Feb 20221st Revision Received
21 Feb 2022Submission Checks Completed
21 Feb 2022Assigned to Editor
21 Feb 2022Reviewer(s) Assigned
07 Mar 2022Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
08 Mar 2022Editorial Decision: Accept