Clinical studies and trials confirmed the benefits of economic knowledge
Frankly speaking, hypertension is still the leading modifiable risk factor for death, but few cases achieve target BP control. Major challenges include high prevalence of hypertension, over-consumption of cardiovascular agents, low adherence to drug treatment, and resulting uncontrolled BP. Five modifiable risk factors (body-mass index, systolic BP, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, smoking, and diabetes) highly link to CVD and death from any cause [7]. Previous clinical trials showed that home health education [8], self-monitoring blood pressure [9-12], comprehensive screening [13], healthy lifestyle interventions (e.g. diet of dark chocolate) [14-16], and lowering BP agents (e.g., enalapril-folic acid, -sartan and others) [17-19] are the feasibility and effectiveness, may not only reduce BP and cardiovascular mortality and morbidity, but also represents a cost-effective use of health care resources, and are beneficial in the prevention of hypertension and major adverse cardiovascular events (Figure 3).