Intestinal mucosal barrier function measurement
Blood samples were collected after patients had fasted for 8 h. The parameters of intestinal mucosal barrier function including D-lactate, DAO, and LPS were analyzed using the Intestinal Mucosal Barrier Biochemical Index Analysis System (JY-DLT, Beijing Zhongsheng Jinyu Diagnostic Technology Co., Ltd., China) according to the manufacturer’s protocols [23, 24].