Synthetic biology, an emerging research field, can promote biomanufacturing by offering various efficient chassis. Engineering Bacillus subtilis, an important workhorse in industrial biotechnology, through synthetic biology approaches may be a disruptive innovation. Advancements in chassis engineering, a synthetic biology strategy for genome-reduced cell factories, cell-free systems, and synthetic microbial consortia would be a driving force facilitating microbial production. We discussed chassis engineering categories and applications for B. subtilis. Prospects and challenges for chassis engineering in B. subtilis were also analyzed in this review article.