5. Diagnosis and clinical assessment of severity
The American Academy of Dermatology (AAD) developed consensus criteria
for clinicians for the diagnosis of AE especially in young children
consisting of three sub-categories of essential, important and
associated features [92]. Novel biomarkers to distinguish early in
life between AE and HIES were recently reported, specifically an
upregulation of CXCL10 and TNF-A and a downregulation of EGF for HIES
compared to AE patients [93]. To objectively measure skin integrity,
electrical impedance measurements can be performed [94]. AE severity
(from mild to severe) can be elucidated by validated scores like SCORAD
or EASI which are useful for clinical trials [95]. For daily
assessment of treatment success, the novel and quick to fill score ASD7
has been proposed, which considers lesions and discomfort as itch and
quality of life [96].