Figure 3. BAY11-7082 treatment ameliorates the severity of EAN. In a preventative treatment paradigm, BAY11-7082 was administered from day 2 to day 8(20 mg/kg, once two days) to EAN mice. The same dosage was applied in a therapeutic treatment paradigm from day 10 to day 16. (a) EAN clinical scores were markedly better in BAY11-7082-treated groups. The mice in the preventative group displayed notably better clinical scores from day 8 to day 16 with the control group. But there is no marked differences appeared for the clinical scores between therapeutic group and control group. (b) BAY11-7082 treatment inhibits production of p-p65 in sciatic nerves of EAN mice. BAY11-7082-preventative group had significantly decreased expression of p-p65 compared to BAY11-7082-therapeutic and control groups. The expression of p-p65 in BAY11-7082-therapeutic group was reduced when compared to the control group, but the differences were no significant. (c) BAY11-7082-preventative reduced the percentage of M1 macrophages and increased the number of M2 macrophages compared to therapeutic and control groups. (d-e) BAY11-7082 inhibited the proliferation of M1 macrophages and whereas, the proliferation of M2 in spite of the differences is not significant compared to control group in vitro studies. (f) The levels of TNF-α and IL-12, IL-6 decreased greatly in preventative treatment group compared to the control and therapeutic treatment groups. No marked differences appeared for the expression of IL-17, IL-1β, IL-4, and IL-10 among the three groups. But, the levels of IL-4 and IL-10 increased even there is no significant.