Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) Values as a Complementary Tool in
the Prostate Gland Disease: A Prospective Evaluation of Apparent
Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) Values with Pathological Data
Abstract
Background:This prospective study aims to reveal whether the lesion is a
benign pathological process or malignant by measuring ADC values under
PI-RADSv2.1 guidance on MpMRI examinations. Additionally, the paper
evaluates whether there is a correlation between malignant lesions’
pathological grade and ADC values, and whether ADC values provide
noninvasive information about prostate cancer aggressiveness. Purpose:To
determine the cut-off ADC values that may exist to identify and
distinguish between benign and malignant lesions and also identify
cancers with an ISUP score≥2 and cancers with an ISUP score1 defined as
silent disease. Methods:This study includes 243 patients and they were
diagnosed with TRUS-guided cognitive MRI fusion as tissue diagnosis.
MpMRI images were evaluated before biopsy according to PI-RADSv2.1
guideline by a radiologist. Three groups which are benign prostatic
tissue, prostatitis, prostate cancer, were obtained according to the
histopathological results. Results: When the cut-off value for ADC is
780 x10-3, sensitivity was 80%. When the cut-off value was taken as 668
x10-3, the sensitivity was found to be 72% and specificity 62%. When
the cut-off ADC value was taken as 647 x10-3, the sensitivity was 83%
and the specificity was 48.5%. ADC values varied significantly
according to ISUP groups [p= 0.003]. It was determined that ISUP 1
group was significantly higher than each of the other groups. ADC group
mean values did not show a statistically significant difference between
Group 2,3,4 and 5. Conclusion:ADC value shows significant potential, and
may it improve the diagnostic accuracy.