REFERENCES
1. Kuck KH, Brugada J, Fürnkranz A, Metzner A, Ouyang F, Chun KR, Elvan A, Arentz T, Bestehorn K, Pocock SJ, Albenque JP, Tondo C; FIRE AND ICE Investigators. Cryoballoon or Radiofrequency Ablation for Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2016;374:2235-2245.
2. Fürnkranz A, Bordignon S, Dugo D, Perotta L, Gunawardene M, Schulte-Hahn B, Nowak B, Schmidt B, Chun JKR. Improved 1-year clinical success rate of pulmonary vein isolation with the second-generation cryoballoon in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2014;25:840-844.
3. Steinberg JS, Palekar R, Sichrovsky T, Arshad A, Preminger M, Musat D, Shaw RE, Mittal S. Very long-term outcome after initially successful catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation. Heart Rhythm. 2014;11:771-776.
4. Bhargava M, Di Biase L, Mohanty P, Prasad S, Martin DO, Williams-Andrews M, Wazni OM, Burkhardt JD, Cummings JE, Khaykin Y, Verma A, Hao S, Beheiry S, Hongo R, Rossillo A, Raviele A, Bonso A, Themistoclakis S, Stewart K, Saliba WI, Schweikert RA, Natale A. Impact of type of atrial fibrillation and repeat catheter ablation on long-term freedom from atrial fibrillation: results from a multicenter study. Heart Rhythm. 2009;6:1403-1412.
5. Baykaner T, Rogers AJ, Meckler GL, Zaman J, Navara R, Rodrigo M, Alhusseini M, Kowalewski CAB, Viswanathan MN, Narayan SM, Clopton P, Wang PJ, Heidenreich PA. Clinical Implications of Ablation of Drivers for Atrial Fibrillation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2018 May;11:e006119. doi: 10.1161/CIRCEP.117.006119.
6. Willems S, Klemm H, Rostock T, Brandstrup B, Ventura R, Steven D, Risius T, Lutomsky B, Meinertz T. Substrate modification combined with pulmonary vein isolation improves outcome of catheter ablation in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation: a prospective randomized comparison. Eur Heart J. 2006;27:2871-8.
7. Nademanee K, McKenzie J, Kosar E, Schwab M, Sunsaneewitayakul B, Vasavakul T, Khunnawat C, Ngarmukos T. A new approach for catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation: mapping of the electrophysiologic substrate. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2004;43:2044-53.
8. Haïssaguerre M, Sanders P, Hocini M, Takahashi Y, Rotter M, Sacher F, Rostock T, Hsu LF, Bordachar P, Reuter S, Roudaut R, Clémenty J, Jaïs P. Catheter ablation of long-lasting persistent atrial fibrillation: critical structures for termination. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2005;16:1125-37.
9. Providência R, Lambiase PD, Srinivasan N, Ganesh Babu G, Bronis K, Ahsan S, Khan FZ, Chow AW, Rowland E, Lowe M, Segal OR. Is There Still a Role for Complex Fractionated Atrial Electrogram Ablation in Addition to Pulmonary Vein Isolation in Patients With Paroxysmal and Persistent Atrial Fibrillation? Meta-Analysis of 1415 Patients. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2015;8:1017-29.
10. Clarnette JA, Brooks AG, Mahajan R, Elliott AD, Twomey DJ, Pathak RK, Kumar S, Munawar DA, Young GD, Kalman JM, Lau DH, Sanders P. Outcomes of persistent and long-standing persistent atrial fibrillation ablation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Europace. 2018;20:f366-f376.
11. Verma A, Jiang CY, Betts TR, Chen J, Deisenhofer I, Mantovan R, Macle L, Morillo CA, Haverkamp W, Weerasooriya R, Albenque JP, Nardi S, Menardi E, Novak P, Sanders P; STAR AF II Investigators. Approaches to catheter ablation for persistent atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2015;372:1812-22.
12. Estner HL, Hessling G, Biegler R, Schreieck J, Fichtner S, Wu J, Jilek C, Zrenner B, Ndrepepa G, Schmitt C, Deisenhofer I. Complex fractionated atrial electrogram or linear ablation in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation–a prospective randomized study. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2011;34:939-48.
13. January CT, Wann LS, Alpert JS, Calkins H, Cigarroa JE, Cleveland JC Jr, Conti JB, Ellinor PT, Ezekowitz MD, Field ME, Murray KT, Sacco RL, Stevenson WG, Tchou PJ, Tracy CM, Yancy CW; ACC/AHA Task Force Members. 2014 AHA/ACC/HRS guideline for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on practice guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society. Circulation. 2014;130:e199-e267.
14. Yamane T, Date T, Kanzaki Y, Inada K, Matsuo S, Shibayama K, Miyanaga S, Miyazaki H, Sugimoto K, Mochizuki S. Segmental pulmonary vein antrum isolation using the ”large-size” lasso catheter in patients with atrial fibrillation. Circ J. 2007;71:753-760.
15. Matsuo S, Yamane T, Date T, Tokutake K, Hioki M, Narui R, Ito K, Tanigawa S, Yamashita S, Tokuda M, Inada K, Arase S, Yagi H, Sugimoto K, Yoshimura M. Substrate modification by pulmonary vein isolation and left atrial linear ablation in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation: its impact on complex-fractionated atrial electrograms. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2012;23:962-970.
16. Hocini M, Jais P, Sanders P, Takahashi Y, Rotter M, Rostock T, Hsu LF, Sacher F, Reuter S, Clémenty J, Haïssaguerre M. Techniques, evaluation, and consequences of linear block at the left atrial roof in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. A prospective randomized study. Circulation. 2005;112:3688-3696.
17. Jaïs P, Hocini M, Hsu LF, Sanders P, Scavee C, Weerasooriya R, Macle L, Raybaud F, Garrigue S, Shah DC, Le Metayer P, Clémenty J, Haïssaguerre M. Technique and results of linear ablation at the mitral isthmus. Circulation. 2004;110:2996-3002.
18. Yao Y, Zheng L, Zhang S, He DS, Zhang K, Tang M, Chen K, Pu J, Wang F, Chen X. Stepwise linear approach to catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation. Heart Rhythm. 2007;4:1497-504.
19. Fassini G, Riva S, Chiodelli R, Trevisi N, Berti M, Carbucicchio C, Maccabelli G, Giraldi F, Bella PD. Left mitral isthmus ablation associated with PV Isolation: long-term results of a prospective randomized study. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2005;16:1150-6.
20. Gaita F, Caponi D, Scaglione M, Montefusco A, Corleto A, Di Monte F, Coin D, Di Donna P, Giustetto C. Long-term clinical results of 2 different ablation strategies in patients with paroxysmal and persistent atrial fibrillation. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2008;1:269-75.
21. Scott PA, Silberbauer J, Murgatroyd FD. The impact of adjunctive complex fractionated atrial electrogram ablation and linear lesions on outcomes in persistent atrial fibrillation: a meta-analysis. Europace. 2016;18:359-67.
22. Cox JL, Ad N, Palazzo T, Fitzpatrick S, Suyderhoud JP, DeGroot KW, Pirovic EA, Lou HC, Duvall WZ. Current status of the MAZE procedure for the treatment of atrial fibrillation. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2000;12:15-19.
23. Kim MY, Sandler B, Sikkel MB, Cantwell CD, Leong KM, Luther V, Malcolme-Lawes L, Koa-Wing M, Ng FS, Qureshi N, Sohaib A, Whinnett ZI, Fudge M, Lim E, Todd M, Wright I, Peters NS, Lim PB, Linton NWF, Kanagaratnam P. The ectopy-triggering ganglionated plexuses in atrial fibrillation. Auton Neurosci. 2020 Nov;228:102699.
24. Jais P, Hsu LF, Hocini M, Sanders P, Haissaguerre M. The left atrial isthmus: from dissection bench to ablation lab. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2004;15:813-814.
25. Derval N, Duchateau J, Denis A, Ramirez FD, Mahida S, André C, Krisai P, Nakatani Y, Kitamura T, Takigawa M, Chauvel R, Tixier R, Pillois X, Sacher F, Hocini M, Haïssaguerre M, Jaïs P, Pambrun T. Marshall bundle elimination, Pulmonary vein isolation, and Line completion for ANatomical ablation of persistent atrial fibrillation (Marshall-PLAN): Prospective, single-center study. Heart Rhythm. 2020 Dec 29:S1547-5271(20)31218-2. doi: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2020.12.023. Online
26. Sawhney N, Anousheh R, Chen W, Feld GK. Circumferential pulmonary vein ablation with additional linear ablation results in an increased incidence of left atrial flutter compared with segmental pulmonary vein isolation as an initial approach to ablation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2010;3:243-8.
27. Matsuo S, Lellouche N, Wright M, Bevilacqua M, Knecht S, Nault I, Lim KT, Arantes L, O’Neill MD, Platonov PG, Carlson J, Sacher F, Hocini M, Jaïs P, Haïssaguerre M. Clinical predictors of termination and clinical outcome of catheter ablation for persistent atrial fibrillation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2009;54:788-95.
28. Gaita F, Riccardi R, Caponi D, Shah D, Garberoglio L, Vivalda L, Dulio A, Chiecchio A, Manasse E, Galotti R. Linear cryoablation of the left atrium vs. pulmonary vein cryoisolation in patients with permanent atrial fibrillation and valvular heart disease: correlation of electroanatomic mapping and long-term clinical results. Circulation. 2005;111:136-142.
29. Gaita F, Ebrille E, Scaglione M, Caponi D, Garberoglio L, Vivalda L, Barbone A, Gallotti R. Very long-term results of surgical and transcatheter ablation of long-standing persistent atrial fibrillation. Ann Thorac Surg. 2013;96:1273-1278.
30. Konings KT, Kirchhof CJ, Smeets JR, Wellens HJ, Penn OC, Allessie MA. High-density mapping of electrically induced atrial fibrillation in humans. Circulation. 1994;89:1665-80.
31. Scherr D, Dalal D, Cheema A, Cheng A, Henrikson CA, Spragg D, Marine JE, Berger RD, Calkins H, Dong J. Automated detection and characterization of complex fractionated atrial electrograms in human left atrium during atrial fibrillation. Heart Rhythm. 2007;4:1013-1020.
32. de Bakker JMT, Wittkampf FHM. The pathophysiologic basis of fractionated and complex electrograms and the impact of recording techniques on their detection and interpretation. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2010;3:204-213.
33. Matsuo S, Yamane T, Date T, Hioki M, Narui R, Ito K, Tanigawa S, Nakane T, Yamashita S, Tokuda M, Inada K, Nojiri A, Kawai M, Sugimoto K, Yoshimura M. Completion of mitral isthmus ablation using a steerable sheath: prospective randomized comparison with a nonsteerable sheath. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2011;22:1331-8.
34. Shah AJ, Jadidi A, Liu X, Miyazaki S, Forclaz A, Nault I, Rivard L, Linton N, Xhaet O, Derval N, Sacher F, Bordachar P, Ritter P, Hocini M, Jais P, Haissaguerre M. Atrial tachycardias arising from ablation of atrial fibrillation: a proarrhythmic bump or an antiarrhythmic turn? Cardiol Res Pract. 2010;2010:950763. doi: 10.4061/2010/950763.