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Azathioprine for The Induction Treatment of Connective Tissue Disorder Related Interstitial Lung Disease and Comparison with Cyclophosphamide: a retrospective cohort analysis
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  • Hasan Satış,
  • Mehmet Onut,
  • Caner Baysan,
  • Reyhan Bilici Salman,
  • Dilek Yapar,
  • Hakan Babaoğlu,
  • Nuh Ataş,
  • Aslıhan Avanoğlu Güler,
  • Hazan Karadeniz,
  • Hamit Küçük,
  • Seminur Haznedaroglu,
  • BURCU GOKER,
  • Mehmet Akif Öztürk,
  • Abdurrahman Tufan,
  • Nilgün Yılmaz Demirci,
  • Haluk Türktaş
Hasan Satış
Gazi University Faculty of Medicine

Corresponding Author:hasansats@gmail.com

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Mehmet Onut
Ankara State Hospital
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Caner Baysan
Ankara University
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Reyhan Bilici Salman
Gazi University Faculty of Medicine
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Dilek Yapar
Gazi University Faculty of Medicine
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Hakan Babaoğlu
Gazi University Faculty of Medicine
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Nuh Ataş
Gazi University Faculty of Medicine
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Aslıhan Avanoğlu Güler
Gazi University Faculty of Medicine
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Hazan Karadeniz
Gazi University Faculty of Medicine
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Hamit Küçük
Gazi University Faculty of Medicine
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Seminur Haznedaroglu
Gazi University
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BURCU GOKER
Gazi University
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Mehmet Akif Öztürk
Gazi University Faculty of Medicine
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Abdurrahman Tufan
Gazi University
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Nilgün Yılmaz Demirci
Gazi University Faculty of Medicine
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Haluk Türktaş
Gazi University Faculty of Medicine
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Abstract

Objectives: Treatment of connective tissue disease-related interstitial lung disease (CTD-ILD) remains challenging. The literature related to the immunosuppressive drugs is very limited in most CTDs and there is no previously reported study comparing induction regimens in patients with newly defined ‘interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features (IPAF), We aimed to investigate the efficacy of azathioprine (AZA) used in induction regimens for interstitial lung disease in a variety of connective tissue disorders including IPAF, and compare it with cyclophosphamide (CYC) Methods. In a retrospective study, all patients presented with interstitial lung disease to the rheumatology and/or pulmonology departments in a tertiary referral centre, between 2009 and 2019. Five major CTD groups were defined; systemic sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS), inflammatory myositis (IMS) and interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features (IPAF). All patients who satisfied one of these and received AZA or CYC for induction therapy for at least 6 months were included in the study. Treatment responses at six months and side effects were analyzed. Results: There were 1351 patients diagnosed with ILD. Of these, 328 patients were identified as CTD-ILD, satisfying the classification criteria of one of the CTDs. Among these, 57 patients received AZA and 79 patients received CYC for induction therapy. CYC treatment resulted in a 2.41 % increase in FVC, however, AZA resulted in a 1.44% decline in FVC predicted (p=0.041). Propensity score matching was used to reduce selection bias, AZA treatment was related to increased risk of progression (50% vs 13.5%, p:0.002). Conclusion: CYC is superior to AZA in induction therapy of CTD-ILD.