Risk factors associated with AF recurrence of AF and MACCE
occurrence
Cox regression analysis was utilized to identify risk factors associated
with AF recurrence. The variables that reached statistical significance
and were included in the multivariate analysis were as follows: gender
(female), AF duration, presence of diabetes,
CHA2DS2-VASc score, LAD≥40 mm, use of
angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor
blockers and obesity (all p<0.10, Table 2). In the
multivariable Cox regression analysis, female gender was found to be
independently associated with an increased risk of AF recurrence (p =
0.003). Additionally, diabetes and LAD≥40 mm were identified as
independent predictors of AF recurrence (both p<0.05, Figure
3). In the PSM patients, both female and LAD≥40 mm persisted as
independent risk factors for AF recurrence (each with p<0.05,
Supplementary Table S2). Further analysis according to sex revealed that
in men, the independent predictors of AF recurrence in the multivariable
Cox regression analysis were the duration of AF, presence of diabetes,
and LAD≥40 mm. In contrast, for women, an LAD of 40 mm or greater was
the sole independent predictor (Figure 4 and Supplementary Table S3 and
S4).
The influences on the incidence of MACCE were scrutinized using logistic
regression to identify significant contributing factors. Findings from
the analysis indicated that gender did not significantly impact the
likelihood of MACCE incidence. Conversely, age, hypertension, diabetes,
as well as the CHA2DS2-VASc and HAS-BLED
scores, were identified as independent predictors for the occurrence of
MACCE (Table 3). The multivariable logistic regression analysis by sex
found that age was the common risk factor for male and female, and
long-term antiplatelet drugs prescription was another predictor for
male, while history of diabetes and alcohol consumption for female
(Supplementary Table S5 and S6).