Conclusion
We have shown that women with refractory OAB are observed to early improvements in the symptoms as the number of sessions increases. However, it did not change the final treatment success. In the future, we think that TTNS may become widespread as a method that can be applied easily and at a low cost at the home of patients before invasive procedures in refractory OAB.
Conflicts of interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Funding: All authors have no direct or indirect commercial financial incentive associated with publishing the manuscript. Also the authors received no financial support for the research and/or authorship of this article.