Magnitude of anti-diabetic medication non-adherence
The pooled proportion of non-adherence to anti-diabetic medication reported in the studies included for meta-analyses are presented in Figures 2-4. The findings showed a considerable heterogeneity. The meta-analyses compared the non-adherence proportions within the five studies using the MMAS-8 (Figure 2), and the non-adherence proportions within the four each study using the MMAS-4 and cut-off at 80 or 90% (Figure 4). The pooled estimates of non-adherence for the studies using the MMAS-8 was 43.4% (95% CI= 17.5-69.4%, I2= 98.8%, p<0.01). The pooled estimates of non-adherence for the studies using the MMAS-4 was 29.5% (95% CI=25.58-33.5%, I2= 52.4%, p=0.098) (Figure 3) and for the studies using cut-off at 80 or 90% was 29.1% (95% CI= 19.83-38.4%, I2= 92.9%, p<0.01), respectively.