d) GAD-7 (Generalized Anxiety Disorder)
The GAD-7 is a brief, 7-item self-report measure of anxiety, rated on a 4-point Likert scale [23]. It has extensive reliability and validity (Cronbach’s alpha 0.92). The total score was categorized into “no symptom s” (0-4), “mild ” (5-9), “moderate ” (10-14) and “severe ” (≥15) range. The Italian version was used.