Data analysis
For each trait and condition, the mean values were obtained from at least three replicates. Any accessions that did not have data for at least three replicates for each condition was removed from the analysis. After filtering the number of accessions used for analysis was 142 for ERD, 109 for FRD, 127 for FT and 102 for yield. For each accession, the trait values were estimated as the average of the replicates in each condition (Tables S2 and S6). Two plasticity measurements were used namely the fold change (FC) between two conditions and the coefficient of variation (CV) across conditions. The CV was calculated as the standard deviation (σ ) divided by the mean (μ ) (CV =σ / μ ) of the averages of each condition. All statistical analyses were performed in R (https://www.R-project.org/; (Team, 2020)), using RStudio v. 1.3.1056. The correlations were calculated using thecorr.test function of psych package v. 2.0.9 (https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=psych; (Revelle, 2020)), and plotted using the corrplot package v. 0.84 (https://github.com/taiyun/corrplot;(Wei, 2017)). The correlations were calculated using Spearman’s rank coefficient and pairwise comparisons, and the p-values were corrected by the Benjamini–Hochberg procedure. The boxplots were generated using the ggplot function ofggplot2 package v. 3.3.2 (http://www.jstatsoft.org/v40/i01/; (Wickham, 2009)), ddply function of plyr package v. 1.8.6 (Wickham, 2011), and the pivot_longer function of tidyrpackage v. 1.1.2 (https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=tidyr; (Wickham, 2020)). K-means clustering was performed with the kmeans function of stats package integrated in R (v. 4.0.3), using Hartigan and Wong algorithm. The optimal number of clusters was determined with the Silhouette method using the fviz_nbclust function offactoextra package v. 1.0.7 (https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=factoextra;(Kassambara, 2020) ), using 1000 bootstrap samples. Heatmaps were plotted using theComplexHeatmap package v. 2.6.2 (Gu, Eils, & Schlesner, 2016). The graphs were further edited using Microsoft Office.