Age
Allergic Sensitization
Prenatal SHS exposure
AD Diagnosis
AD Diagnosis
AD Symptoms
AD Symptoms
Current AD
Current AD
n/N* (%)
aOR [95%CI]
n/N* (%)
aOR [95%CI]
n/N* (%)
aOR [95%CI]
Early childhood (0 – 3 years) Preschool (4 – 6 years)
No
No
99/382 (25.9)
1.00 (ref)
156/382 (40.8)
1.00 (ref)
93/313 (29.7)
1.00 (ref)
Yes
151/536 (28.2)
1.138 [0.8131.592]
226/536 (42.2)
1.116 [0.8221.514]
143/445 (32.1)
1.132 [0.7941.614]
Yes No 98/261 (37.5) 1.00 (ref) 136/261 (52.1) 1.00 (ref) 95/217 (43.8) 1.00 (ref)
Yes
109/345 (31.6)
0.798 [0.5371.186]
151/345 (43.8)
0.864 [0.5891.268]
104/293 (35.5)
0.801 [0.5201.233]
School-aged (7 – 9 years)** Early childhood (0 – 3 years)
No
No
34/249 (13.7)
1.00 (ref)
86/249 (34.5)
1.00 (ref)
31/191 (16.2)
1.00 (ref)
Yes
55/369 (14.9)
1.129 [0.6861.859]
126/369 (34.1)
0.908 [0.6251.321]
55/298 (18.5)
1.169 [0.6941.969]
Yes No 40/227 (17.6) 1.00 (ref) 74/227 (32.6) 1.00 (ref) 37/187 (19.8) 1.00 (ref)
Yes
77/356 (21.6)
1.334 [0.8372.124]
126/356 (35.4)
1.082 [0.734-1.596]
70/293 (23.9)
1.239 [0.7572.028]
Preschool (4 – 6 years) No No 10/90 (11.1) 1.00 (ref) 28/90 (31.1) 1.00 (ref) 10/72 (13.9) 1.00 (ref)
Yes
22/175 (12.6)
1.126 [0.4652.730]
63/175 (36.0)
1.269 [0.7072.277]
21/132 (15.9)
1.059 [0.4242.640]
Yes No 13/92 (14.1) 1.00 (ref) 31/92 (33.7) 1.00 (ref) 11/70 (15.7) 1.00 (ref)
Yes
43/173 (24.9)
2.205 [1.048-4.642]
76/173 (43.9)
1.623 [0.9122.888]
41/136 (30.1)
2.557 [1.114–5.869]
Current AD: doctor confirmed the coexistence of AD diagnosis and AD symptoms within the last 12 months. Logistic regression, adjusted for maternal education level, sex of the children, the type of milk during the first 6 months of life, SHS exposure during the first year of life, parental history of allergic disease, the presence of a pet during the first year of life, attendance of daycare during the first year of life, and mode of delivery. * n, the number of children with each characteristic; N, the total number of children with data available. ** Additionally adjusted for SHS exposure of the child during 4–6 years of age. Sensitization: 1–3yrs: 1y sIgE (Egg, Milk) / 4–6yrs: 3y sIgE (Egg, Milk, D. farina) or 3y SPT / 7–9 yrs: 6/7y sIgE (Egg, Milk, Birch, Alternaria) or 6/7y SPT Current AD: doctor confirmed the coexistence of AD diagnosis and AD symptoms within the last 12 months. Logistic regression, adjusted for maternal education level, sex of the children, the type of milk during the first 6 months of life, SHS exposure during the first year of life, parental history of allergic disease, the presence of a pet during the first year of life, attendance of daycare during the first year of life, and mode of delivery. * n, the number of children with each characteristic; N, the total number of children with data available. ** Additionally adjusted for SHS exposure of the child during 4–6 years of age. Sensitization: 1–3yrs: 1y sIgE (Egg, Milk) / 4–6yrs: 3y sIgE (Egg, Milk, D. farina) or 3y SPT / 7–9 yrs: 6/7y sIgE (Egg, Milk, Birch, Alternaria) or 6/7y SPT Current AD: doctor confirmed the coexistence of AD diagnosis and AD symptoms within the last 12 months. Logistic regression, adjusted for maternal education level, sex of the children, the type of milk during the first 6 months of life, SHS exposure during the first year of life, parental history of allergic disease, the presence of a pet during the first year of life, attendance of daycare during the first year of life, and mode of delivery. * n, the number of children with each characteristic; N, the total number of children with data available. ** Additionally adjusted for SHS exposure of the child during 4–6 years of age. Sensitization: 1–3yrs: 1y sIgE (Egg, Milk) / 4–6yrs: 3y sIgE (Egg, Milk, D. farina) or 3y SPT / 7–9 yrs: 6/7y sIgE (Egg, Milk, Birch, Alternaria) or 6/7y SPT Current AD: doctor confirmed the coexistence of AD diagnosis and AD symptoms within the last 12 months. Logistic regression, adjusted for maternal education level, sex of the children, the type of milk during the first 6 months of life, SHS exposure during the first year of life, parental history of allergic disease, the presence of a pet during the first year of life, attendance of daycare during the first year of life, and mode of delivery. * n, the number of children with each characteristic; N, the total number of children with data available. ** Additionally adjusted for SHS exposure of the child during 4–6 years of age. Sensitization: 1–3yrs: 1y sIgE (Egg, Milk) / 4–6yrs: 3y sIgE (Egg, Milk, D. farina) or 3y SPT / 7–9 yrs: 6/7y sIgE (Egg, Milk, Birch, Alternaria) or 6/7y SPT Current AD: doctor confirmed the coexistence of AD diagnosis and AD symptoms within the last 12 months. Logistic regression, adjusted for maternal education level, sex of the children, the type of milk during the first 6 months of life, SHS exposure during the first year of life, parental history of allergic disease, the presence of a pet during the first year of life, attendance of daycare during the first year of life, and mode of delivery. * n, the number of children with each characteristic; N, the total number of children with data available. ** Additionally adjusted for SHS exposure of the child during 4–6 years of age. Sensitization: 1–3yrs: 1y sIgE (Egg, Milk) / 4–6yrs: 3y sIgE (Egg, Milk, D. farina) or 3y SPT / 7–9 yrs: 6/7y sIgE (Egg, Milk, Birch, Alternaria) or 6/7y SPT Current AD: doctor confirmed the coexistence of AD diagnosis and AD symptoms within the last 12 months. Logistic regression, adjusted for maternal education level, sex of the children, the type of milk during the first 6 months of life, SHS exposure during the first year of life, parental history of allergic disease, the presence of a pet during the first year of life, attendance of daycare during the first year of life, and mode of delivery. * n, the number of children with each characteristic; N, the total number of children with data available. ** Additionally adjusted for SHS exposure of the child during 4–6 years of age. Sensitization: 1–3yrs: 1y sIgE (Egg, Milk) / 4–6yrs: 3y sIgE (Egg, Milk, D. farina) or 3y SPT / 7–9 yrs: 6/7y sIgE (Egg, Milk, Birch, Alternaria) or 6/7y SPT Current AD: doctor confirmed the coexistence of AD diagnosis and AD symptoms within the last 12 months. Logistic regression, adjusted for maternal education level, sex of the children, the type of milk during the first 6 months of life, SHS exposure during the first year of life, parental history of allergic disease, the presence of a pet during the first year of life, attendance of daycare during the first year of life, and mode of delivery. * n, the number of children with each characteristic; N, the total number of children with data available. ** Additionally adjusted for SHS exposure of the child during 4–6 years of age. Sensitization: 1–3yrs: 1y sIgE (Egg, Milk) / 4–6yrs: 3y sIgE (Egg, Milk, D. farina) or 3y SPT / 7–9 yrs: 6/7y sIgE (Egg, Milk, Birch, Alternaria) or 6/7y SPT Current AD: doctor confirmed the coexistence of AD diagnosis and AD symptoms within the last 12 months. Logistic regression, adjusted for maternal education level, sex of the children, the type of milk during the first 6 months of life, SHS exposure during the first year of life, parental history of allergic disease, the presence of a pet during the first year of life, attendance of daycare during the first year of life, and mode of delivery. * n, the number of children with each characteristic; N, the total number of children with data available. ** Additionally adjusted for SHS exposure of the child during 4–6 years of age. Sensitization: 1–3yrs: 1y sIgE (Egg, Milk) / 4–6yrs: 3y sIgE (Egg, Milk, D. farina) or 3y SPT / 7–9 yrs: 6/7y sIgE (Egg, Milk, Birch, Alternaria) or 6/7y SPT Current AD: doctor confirmed the coexistence of AD diagnosis and AD symptoms within the last 12 months. Logistic regression, adjusted for maternal education level, sex of the children, the type of milk during the first 6 months of life, SHS exposure during the first year of life, parental history of allergic disease, the presence of a pet during the first year of life, attendance of daycare during the first year of life, and mode of delivery. * n, the number of children with each characteristic; N, the total number of children with data available. ** Additionally adjusted for SHS exposure of the child during 4–6 years of age. Sensitization: 1–3yrs: 1y sIgE (Egg, Milk) / 4–6yrs: 3y sIgE (Egg, Milk, D. farina) or 3y SPT / 7–9 yrs: 6/7y sIgE (Egg, Milk, Birch, Alternaria) or 6/7y SPT