Results
Sixty-four patients were enrolled the study. There were 27(42%) male and 37 (58%) female patients. Mean preoperative hospitalization period of all patients were 6.6±4.3 days. 26 (40.6%) patients did not have any comorbidities whereas 14 (21.9%) of had one and 24 (37.5%) of had multiple chronic diseases.
Although preoperative blood glucose levels were above 200 mg/dL for 9 (14.1%) of patients and serum creatinine levels were above 2 mg/dl for 7 (10.9%) of patients, Other laboratory results were within normal limits.
Mean admission MMT scores were 26.42±1.95, 25.48±3.02 and 23.95±3.68 point for MMT1, MMT2 and MMT3, respectively. A statistically significance was observed in consecutive total MMT score measurements (p<0.001). We observed mean MMT1 total score was significantly higher than mean MMT2 and MMT3 total scores whereas mean MMT2 total score was higher than mean MMT3 total scores.
Mean MMT1 total score was calculated as 26.67±2.17 for Group 1 and 26.11±1.62 for Group 2. There was no statistical significance was found according to mean MMT1 total scores between 2 groups (p=0.350). Table 1 summarizes the association between POCD and demographic values between groups. There were statistically significance between POCD development and age, education level, employment status whereas no difference was found between POCD development and gender.
Table 2 summarized the differences between clinicopathological characteristics, perioperative factors and groups. Statistical significance was observed between groups in terms of preoperative hospitalization period (p<0.001) and it was significantly longer in POCD patients. According to our results, the presence of comorbidity causes the development of POCD and prolonging preoperative hospitalization period that attribute the development of POCD (p=0.025). High ASA score, prolonged surgery time, preoperative low hematocrite level (<30), ephedrine administration ve increased hemorrhage during surgery were associated POCD development (table -2). Table-3 summarized the association between ASA scores and POCD development. According to table-3, we statistically found significance between more POCD development and increased ASA scores.
When comorbidities were separately analysed, a significant association was observed between POCD development with hypertension and coronary artery disease (p=0.036), (p=0.015). There were no statistical significance between POCD development and diabetes mellitus (DM) (p=0.353), chronic obstructive pulmoner disease (COPD)(p=0.353), congestive heart failure (CHF) (p=0.259). Also, there were no statistical significance between prolonged preoperative hospitalization periods with hypertension, coronary artery diseases, DM, COPD and CHF, respectively (p=0,2), (p=0,076), (p=0,153), (p=0,307), (p=0,324). And also, there were no statistical significance between POCD development with tobacco use, glucose and creatinine levels (p: 0,863), (p:0,488), (p: 0,488).