Supplementary Table 1. Demographic data and baseline characteristics of Groups A (advanced technology), B (basic technology) and C (placebo) for MoCA screening, pure-tone audiometry, NEUPSILIN scores, Speech Intelligibility Index (SII) and IOI-HA. Supplementary Table 1. Demographic data and baseline characteristics of Groups A (advanced technology), B (basic technology) and C (placebo) for MoCA screening, pure-tone audiometry, NEUPSILIN scores, Speech Intelligibility Index (SII) and IOI-HA. Supplementary Table 1. Demographic data and baseline characteristics of Groups A (advanced technology), B (basic technology) and C (placebo) for MoCA screening, pure-tone audiometry, NEUPSILIN scores, Speech Intelligibility Index (SII) and IOI-HA. Supplementary Table 1. Demographic data and baseline characteristics of Groups A (advanced technology), B (basic technology) and C (placebo) for MoCA screening, pure-tone audiometry, NEUPSILIN scores, Speech Intelligibility Index (SII) and IOI-HA. Supplementary Table 1. Demographic data and baseline characteristics of Groups A (advanced technology), B (basic technology) and C (placebo) for MoCA screening, pure-tone audiometry, NEUPSILIN scores, Speech Intelligibility Index (SII) and IOI-HA. Supplementary Table 1. Demographic data and baseline characteristics of Groups A (advanced technology), B (basic technology) and C (placebo) for MoCA screening, pure-tone audiometry, NEUPSILIN scores, Speech Intelligibility Index (SII) and IOI-HA. Supplementary Table 1. Demographic data and baseline characteristics of Groups A (advanced technology), B (basic technology) and C (placebo) for MoCA screening, pure-tone audiometry, NEUPSILIN scores, Speech Intelligibility Index (SII) and IOI-HA. Supplementary Table 1. Demographic data and baseline characteristics of Groups A (advanced technology), B (basic technology) and C (placebo) for MoCA screening, pure-tone audiometry, NEUPSILIN scores, Speech Intelligibility Index (SII) and IOI-HA. Supplementary Table 1. Demographic data and baseline characteristics of Groups A (advanced technology), B (basic technology) and C (placebo) for MoCA screening, pure-tone audiometry, NEUPSILIN scores, Speech Intelligibility Index (SII) and IOI-HA. Supplementary Table 1. Demographic data and baseline characteristics of Groups A (advanced technology), B (basic technology) and C (placebo) for MoCA screening, pure-tone audiometry, NEUPSILIN scores, Speech Intelligibility Index (SII) and IOI-HA. Supplementary Table 1. Demographic data and baseline characteristics of Groups A (advanced technology), B (basic technology) and C (placebo) for MoCA screening, pure-tone audiometry, NEUPSILIN scores, Speech Intelligibility Index (SII) and IOI-HA. Supplementary Table 1. Demographic data and baseline characteristics of Groups A (advanced technology), B (basic technology) and C (placebo) for MoCA screening, pure-tone audiometry, NEUPSILIN scores, Speech Intelligibility Index (SII) and IOI-HA.
Advanced (n = 8) Basic (n = 6) Placebo (n = 8) p-value p-value p-value
Age 81.9 (5.91) 77.7 (7.45) 80.9 (5.38) N/A
Sex
Female 5.0 (62.50%) 3.0 (50.00%) 6.0 (75.00%) N/A
Male 3.0 (37.50%) 3.0 (50.00%) 2.0 (25.00%)
Education 3.5 (1.07) 4.5 (2.59) 3.5 (1.07) N/A
MoCA
Visuospatial* 3.1 (1.46) 3.2 (1.72) 3.3 (1.83) N/A
Naming* 2.0 (0.00) 2.0 (1.26) 2.3 (0.71) N/A
Attention* 3.3 (1.58) 3.7 (1.21) 4.3 (1.49) N/A
Language* 1.5 (0.53) 0.7 (0.82) 0.6 (0.74) N/A
Abstraction* 1.4 (0.52) 1.5 (0.55) 1.0 (0.76) N/A
Long-term memory* 0.8 (0.89) 0.5 (0.55) 0.9 (1.13) N/A
Orientation* 5.3 (0.71) 5.0 (1.10) 5.5 (0.76) N/A
Hours of use (self-reported) 7.4 (1.19) 6.8 (0.98) 7.4 (1.77) N/A
Hours of use (Data logging) 7.0 (1.41) 7.3 (1.03) 8.5 (2.00) N/A
Audiometry, dB (SD)
Right ear
250 Hz 29 (8.63) 34 (7.36) 29 (9.80) N/A
500 Hz 32 (7.04) 34 (11.58) 31 (13.21) N/A
1000 Hz 41 (10.26) 41 (9.70) 37 (14.62) N/A
2000 Hz 37 (9.61) 38 (11.69) 41 (14.74) N/A
3000 Hz 46 (9.54) 44 (8.01) 46 (5.18) N/A
4000 Hz 49 (12.17) 51 (7.36) 48 (8.45) N/A
6000 Hz 53 (13.09) 56 (6.65) 57 (6.51) N/A
8000 Hz 56 (12.17) 64 (6.65) 58 (5.94) N/A
SRI 89 (4.66) 91 (4.68) 93 (5.83) N/A
Left ear
250 Hz 33 (7.99) 32 (7.53) 30 (10.00) N/A
500 Hz 37 (6.51) 33 (4.18) 32 (7.99) N/A
1000 Hz 34 (19.65) 33 (16.02) 38 (10.33) N/A
2000 Hz 43 (11.95) 39 (8.01) 38 (14.64) N/A
3000 Hz 46 (5.82) 50 (11.40) 40 (15.12) N/A
4000 Hz 50 (11.34) 52 (6.06) 50 (6.55) N/A
6000 Hz 55 (14.14) 58 (5.24) 54 (4.17) N/A
8000 Hz 58 (14.39) 57 (4.08) 58 (5.94) N/A
SRI 94 (5.63) 91 (3.27) 93 (5.95) N/A
NEUPSILIN
Before
Reverse counting, s, (SD)** 32 (11.90) 41 (16.38) 30 (10.27) N/A
Digit sequence repetition, right answers (SD)* 2 (0.99) 3 (2.99) 2 (1.39) N/A
Working memory, right answers (SD)* 5 (1.06) 6 (2.17) 5 (2.70) N/A
Auditory digit span, right answers (SD)* 21 (1.30) 20 (3.35) 19 (1.67) N/A
Short-term memory, right answers (SD)* 4 (0.76) 3 (1.60) 3 (0.92) N/A
Long-term memory, right answers (SD)* 2 (1.41) 1 (0.89) 1 (1.25) N/A
Recognition, right answers (SD)* 10 (1.28) 8 (2.71) 10 (1.07) N/A
Long-term memory, right answers (SD)* 4 (0.46) 5 (0.84) 5 (0.74) N/A
Visual memory, right answers (SD)* 2 (0.74) 2 (0.82) 2 (0.99) N/A
Evoked potential
Before
55 dB
P1 /m/ 69 (9.77) 76 (3.19) 70 (8.81) N/A
N1 /m/ 107 (11.86) 119 (11.73) 105 (14.41) N/A
P1 /t/ 59 (17.15) 53 (15.21) 57 (12.60) N/A
N1 /t/ 101 (11.26) 89 (9.24) 93 (9.56) N/A
P1 /g/ 59 (13.89) 57 (15.78) 62 (11.53) N/A
N1 /g/ 102 (8.38) 100 (6.02) 101 (8.23) N/A
65 dB
P1 /m/ 65 (8.74) 62 (12.64) 64 (13.72) N/A
N1 /m/ 111 (12.78) 107 (13.31) 105 (12.32) N/A
P1 /t/ 54 (10.83) 44 (5.39) 56 (14.53) N/A
N1 /t/ 89 (11.17) 91 (14.01) 90 (10.80) N/A
P1 /g/ 56 (9.08) 53 (14.35) 65 (13.83) N/A
N1 /g/ 96 (11.27) 97 (17.50) 101 (10.95) N/A
75 dB
P1 /m/ 54 (7.63) 58 (11.29) 52 (8.96) N/A
N1 /m/ 102 (4.56) 103 (9.24) 102 (10.21) N/A
P1 /t/ 48 (4.17) 49 (3.78) 50 (4.93) N/A
N1 /t/ 91 (11.13) 90 (13.21) 83 (3.80) N/A
P1 /g/ 50 (6.62) 56 (10.78) 50 (5.95) N/A
N1 /g/ 86 (7.23) 90 (18.71) 85 (5.95) N/A
SII
Right ear
55 dB 63.25 (12.29) 66.00 (8.44) 33.38 (16.83) < 0.001 a a
65 dB 83.63 (2.77) 83.50 (2.81) 54.75 (12.52) < 0.001 a a
75 dB 83.75 (5.31) 85.50 (2.43) 81.38 (7.46) 0.41 a a
Left ear
55 dB 65.38 (14.20) 61.67 (5.13) 24.25 (13.94) < 0.001 a a
65 dB 82.88 (3.48) 84.83 (3.76) 49.88 (11.89) < 0.001 a a
75 dB 88.13 (6.27) 86.50 (2.74) 79.00 (7.67) 0.02 a a
a One-way ANOVA with power ≥ 0,50. *The higher the score, the better the result is. **The higher the score, the worse the result is. a One-way ANOVA with power ≥ 0,50. *The higher the score, the better the result is. **The higher the score, the worse the result is. a One-way ANOVA with power ≥ 0,50. *The higher the score, the better the result is. **The higher the score, the worse the result is. a One-way ANOVA with power ≥ 0,50. *The higher the score, the better the result is. **The higher the score, the worse the result is. a One-way ANOVA with power ≥ 0,50. *The higher the score, the better the result is. **The higher the score, the worse the result is. a One-way ANOVA with power ≥ 0,50. *The higher the score, the better the result is. **The higher the score, the worse the result is. a One-way ANOVA with power ≥ 0,50. *The higher the score, the better the result is. **The higher the score, the worse the result is. a One-way ANOVA with power ≥ 0,50. *The higher the score, the better the result is. **The higher the score, the worse the result is. a One-way ANOVA with power ≥ 0,50. *The higher the score, the better the result is. **The higher the score, the worse the result is. a One-way ANOVA with power ≥ 0,50. *The higher the score, the better the result is. **The higher the score, the worse the result is. a One-way ANOVA with power ≥ 0,50. *The higher the score, the better the result is. **The higher the score, the worse the result is. a One-way ANOVA with power ≥ 0,50. *The higher the score, the better the result is. **The higher the score, the worse the result is.
Abbreviations: dB, decibel; IOI-HA, Inventory Outcome Index of Hearing Aids; SRI, Speech Recognition Index; MoCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment; N1, N1 wave; NEUPSILIN, Brief Neuropsychological Assessment Instrument; P1, P1 wave; SII, Speech Intelligibility Index; N/A, not-applicable (due to prior randomization); dB, decibel; SD, standard deviation; s, seconds. Abbreviations: dB, decibel; IOI-HA, Inventory Outcome Index of Hearing Aids; SRI, Speech Recognition Index; MoCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment; N1, N1 wave; NEUPSILIN, Brief Neuropsychological Assessment Instrument; P1, P1 wave; SII, Speech Intelligibility Index; N/A, not-applicable (due to prior randomization); dB, decibel; SD, standard deviation; s, seconds. Abbreviations: dB, decibel; IOI-HA, Inventory Outcome Index of Hearing Aids; SRI, Speech Recognition Index; MoCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment; N1, N1 wave; NEUPSILIN, Brief Neuropsychological Assessment Instrument; P1, P1 wave; SII, Speech Intelligibility Index; N/A, not-applicable (due to prior randomization); dB, decibel; SD, standard deviation; s, seconds. Abbreviations: dB, decibel; IOI-HA, Inventory Outcome Index of Hearing Aids; SRI, Speech Recognition Index; MoCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment; N1, N1 wave; NEUPSILIN, Brief Neuropsychological Assessment Instrument; P1, P1 wave; SII, Speech Intelligibility Index; N/A, not-applicable (due to prior randomization); dB, decibel; SD, standard deviation; s, seconds. Abbreviations: dB, decibel; IOI-HA, Inventory Outcome Index of Hearing Aids; SRI, Speech Recognition Index; MoCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment; N1, N1 wave; NEUPSILIN, Brief Neuropsychological Assessment Instrument; P1, P1 wave; SII, Speech Intelligibility Index; N/A, not-applicable (due to prior randomization); dB, decibel; SD, standard deviation; s, seconds. Abbreviations: dB, decibel; IOI-HA, Inventory Outcome Index of Hearing Aids; SRI, Speech Recognition Index; MoCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment; N1, N1 wave; NEUPSILIN, Brief Neuropsychological Assessment Instrument; P1, P1 wave; SII, Speech Intelligibility Index; N/A, not-applicable (due to prior randomization); dB, decibel; SD, standard deviation; s, seconds. Abbreviations: dB, decibel; IOI-HA, Inventory Outcome Index of Hearing Aids; SRI, Speech Recognition Index; MoCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment; N1, N1 wave; NEUPSILIN, Brief Neuropsychological Assessment Instrument; P1, P1 wave; SII, Speech Intelligibility Index; N/A, not-applicable (due to prior randomization); dB, decibel; SD, standard deviation; s, seconds. Abbreviations: dB, decibel; IOI-HA, Inventory Outcome Index of Hearing Aids; SRI, Speech Recognition Index; MoCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment; N1, N1 wave; NEUPSILIN, Brief Neuropsychological Assessment Instrument; P1, P1 wave; SII, Speech Intelligibility Index; N/A, not-applicable (due to prior randomization); dB, decibel; SD, standard deviation; s, seconds. Abbreviations: dB, decibel; IOI-HA, Inventory Outcome Index of Hearing Aids; SRI, Speech Recognition Index; MoCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment; N1, N1 wave; NEUPSILIN, Brief Neuropsychological Assessment Instrument; P1, P1 wave; SII, Speech Intelligibility Index; N/A, not-applicable (due to prior randomization); dB, decibel; SD, standard deviation; s, seconds. Abbreviations: dB, decibel; IOI-HA, Inventory Outcome Index of Hearing Aids; SRI, Speech Recognition Index; MoCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment; N1, N1 wave; NEUPSILIN, Brief Neuropsychological Assessment Instrument; P1, P1 wave; SII, Speech Intelligibility Index; N/A, not-applicable (due to prior randomization); dB, decibel; SD, standard deviation; s, seconds. Abbreviations: dB, decibel; IOI-HA, Inventory Outcome Index of Hearing Aids; SRI, Speech Recognition Index; MoCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment; N1, N1 wave; NEUPSILIN, Brief Neuropsychological Assessment Instrument; P1, P1 wave; SII, Speech Intelligibility Index; N/A, not-applicable (due to prior randomization); dB, decibel; SD, standard deviation; s, seconds. Abbreviations: dB, decibel; IOI-HA, Inventory Outcome Index of Hearing Aids; SRI, Speech Recognition Index; MoCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment; N1, N1 wave; NEUPSILIN, Brief Neuropsychological Assessment Instrument; P1, P1 wave; SII, Speech Intelligibility Index; N/A, not-applicable (due to prior randomization); dB, decibel; SD, standard deviation; s, seconds.