Figure 1. A 64-year-old male with type 2 diabetes mellitus and a prior history of anterior myocardial infarction (Case 7).
ATP injection after the initial PV isolation revealed dormant left PV conduction (black arrow) and also simultaneously induced AF by the trigger PACs from the CS (red arrow).
B and C . Therefore, we performed HFS within the CS, which elicited vagal responses at five sites. Brown tags are ablation lesions. Yellow and orange markers indicate the sites with a positive and negative response to HFS, respectively.