Dissemination of EAACI food allergy guidelines using a flexible,
practical, Whole School allergy awareness toolkit
Abstract
Background Essential training for emergency adrenaline auto-injector
administration alone provides inadequate safeguard in school
environments. Recent UK deaths have reinforced the urgency for embedding
whole school (WS) allergy awareness to minimise risk. We document
development of a practical, flexible WS Food Allergy Awareness Toolkit
for UK secondary schools. Methods We used a multidisciplinary
participatory action research methodology, involving successive
modification and retesting of a pragmatic toolkit in 3 case study
schools. A School Allergy Action Group drives WS risk assessment,
helping schools gradually implement best practice policy in line with
their particular needs. Additional schools self-piloted the resulting
toolkit with only remote monitoring. School surveys, based on EAACI
guidelines were developed to identify priorities and assess change.
Results Effectiveness of the resulting process toolkit, now available
online, was independently demonstrated via pre/post intervention
questionnaires from 24/10 pupils with food allergy (FA) and 97/6 pupils
without FA, respectively. Pearson correlational analysis showed strong
negative relationships between Food Allergy Quality of Life
Questionnaire (FAQLQ) at T0 and School Support (SS) at T0 (r=-0.8,
p<0.01), and between SS and Self-Efficacy (SE) (r=0.73,
p<0.05). Mean FAQLQ scores improved between T0 (3.3) and T1
(2.5). SE improved for those with FA (mean difference =1.0). In those
without FA, SE (mean difference =0.9) and Attitudes and Knowledge (mean
difference =0.7) also improved. Conclusions Full stakeholder involvement
in toolkit development encourages usage and therefore improves WS
community awareness; reduces risk of reactions; fosters a more accepting
societal attitude; and empowers pupils with/without allergies to
self-manage effectively.