Results

Preoperative characteristics

Between February 2015 and October 2020, 198 patients were submitted to AVR with a Perceval ® prosthetic valve in Hospital de Santa Maria (Lisbon, Portugal). 2 patients were excluded due to valvular explantation, resulting in a total of 196 patients analyzed. Aortic stenosis was the main surgery indication (96.4%), followed by aortic regurgitation (1.53%), native valve endocarditis (1.02%), prosthetic valve endocarditis (0.51%) and mechanic valve dysfunction (0.51%).
Preoperative baseline characteristics of the cohort are shown in table 1. The mean overall age was 77.20±5.08 and 45.4% of patients were female. EuroSCORE II predicted an in-hospital mortality risk of 2.91 ± 2.20%. The most prevalent preoperative risk factors were impaired renal function (85.2%), arterial hypertension (88.3%), overweight or obesity (75.8%) and dyslipidemia (71.9%). Coronary disease was present in 34.7% of the cohort, atrial fibrillation in 17.9% and 8.7% had a history of stroke or transient ischemic attack. Most patients (69.4%) had preserved left ventricular function, defined as an ejection fraction higher than 55%.
Table 1 - Preoperative baseline characteristics and risk factors (mean ± Standard Deviation)