Study population
This study was carried out in the primary caregivers (mothers/fathers) of patients aged 12 years and younger who were diagnosed with TNA in Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Allergy between January 1, 2018 and December 31, 2020. For primary parenting, parents were given the autonomy to determine the primary caregiver, with the understanding that the primary parent is the one primarily responsible for the child’s care and upbringing. In cases where there was uncertainty, the preference was given to the parent who prioritized the child’s health, especially in the context of FAs. All patients were required to have sensitization to the relevant tree nut by skin prick test, extract-specific IgE and allergen molecule specific IgE (Ana o 3/Pis v 1 for cashew/pistachio, Cor a 14/Cor a 9/Cor a 11 for hazelnut, Jug r 1/Jug r 2 for walnut).2 The diagnosis of TNA was required to be made at least 6 months ago by the presence of a consistent history or positive outcome at the oral food challenge (OFC) or high level of sensitivity as described previously.3,4 Parents who could not be contacted, who did not give informed consent, and whose child was older than 12 years of age were not included into the study. The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Board of Hacettepe University (21/745) and those who gave informed consent for the study completed the questionnaire. Those who participated during the routine outpatient visit, filled out the questionnaire via computer, while those who were contacted by phone called filled out the questionnaire via their mobile devices.