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The role of Imaging in Characterizing the Cardiac Natural History of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
  • Simon Lee,
  • Marc Lee,
  • Kan Hor
Simon Lee
Nationwide Children's Hospital

Corresponding Author:simon.lee@nationwidechildrens.org

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Marc Lee
Nationwide Children's Hospital
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Kan Hor
Nationwide Childrens Hosp
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Abstract

Duchene muscular dystrophies (DMD) is a rare but devastating disease resulting in progressive loss of ambulation, respiratory failure, DMD-associated cardiomyopathy (DMD-CM) and premature death. The use of corticosteroid and supportive respiratory care has improved outcomes, such that DMD-CM is now the leading cause of death. Historically, most programs have focused on the skeletal myopathy with less attention to the cardiac phenotype. This omission is rather astonishing since boys with DMD possess an absolute genetic risk of developing cardiomyopathy. Unfortunately, heart failure signs and symptoms are vague due to skeletal muscle myopathy leading to limited ambulation and traditional assessment of cardiac symptoms by the New York Heart Association classification is of limited utility even in advance stages. Echocardiographic assessment can detect cardiac dysfunction late in the disease course, but this has proven to be a poor surrogate marker of early cardiovascular disease and an inadequate predictor of DMD-CM. Indeed, one explanation for the paucity of cardiac therapeutic trials for DMD-CM has been the lack of a suitable end-point. Improve outcomes requires a better proactive treatment strategy, however the barrier to treatment is lack of a sensitive and specific tool to assess efficacy of treatment. The use of cardiac imaging has evolve from echocardiography to cardiac magnetic resonance imaging to assess cardiac performance. The purpose of this article is to review the role of cardiac imaging in characterizing the cardiac natural history of DMD-CM, highlighting the prognostic implications and an outlook on how this field might evolve in the future.
28 Aug 2020Submitted to Pediatric Pulmonology
31 Aug 2020Submission Checks Completed
31 Aug 2020Assigned to Editor
01 Sep 2020Reviewer(s) Assigned
18 Sep 2020Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
22 Sep 2020Editorial Decision: Revise Minor
19 Oct 20201st Revision Received
20 Oct 2020Submission Checks Completed
20 Oct 2020Assigned to Editor
20 Oct 2020Reviewer(s) Assigned
06 Nov 2020Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
12 Nov 2020Editorial Decision: Accept
02 Mar 2021Published in Pediatric Pulmonology. 10.1002/ppul.25227