Study population
Consecutive patients who underwent a PVI with VGLA as the first
procedure for paroxysmal AF from July 2018 to January 2020 were eligible
for this study. The subjects were patients who underwent catheter
ablation of AF for standard clinical indications1).
Written informed consent for the ablation procedures was obtained from
all patients. The definition of paroxysmal AF was according to the
American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology/European
Society of Cardiology guidelines, which is as follows: paroxysmal AF was
defined as AF that self-terminated within 7 days1). The
study protocol was approved by the hospital’s institutional human ethics
committee. The study complied with the Declaration of Helsinki.