Results
COVID-19 Patients’ mean age was 101.76 ± 27.91 (3 months-18 years) and 75.68 ± 27.34 (1 month-18 years) in the healthy control group. 47.5% (n=19) of the patients and 60% (n=27) of the control group were male. No difference was found between the groups in terms of age and gender distribution (p = 0.061, p=0.248, respectively). The median levels of vitamin D level were 13.14 (4.19-69.28) in the group of patients with COVID-19 and 34.81 (3.8-77.42) in the control group. When the COVID-19 patient group and the healthy control group were compared, there were statistically significantly lower serum phosphorus level (p<0.001) and vitamin D level (p<0.001) in the COVID diagnosed patient group. Table 1 depicts the comparison of demographic and laboratory characteristics between COVID 19 patient group and healty control subject group.
Patients diagnosed with COVID-19 were divided into 2 groups. Those who had deficient and insufficient vitamin D levels were determined as Group 1 (n: 29, 72.5%) and normal patients were determined as Group 2 (n: 11, 27.5%). 18 patients in Group 1 were deficient in vitamin D and 11 were insufficient. When the clinical and laboratory parameters of Group 1 and Group 2 are compared, at admission, the symptom of fever (34.5%) was significantly higher in Group 1 than in Group 2 (0%) (p = 0.038). There were significantly lower levels of vitamin D (p<0.001) and serum phosphorus (p=0.013) in group 1 than those in group 2. No significant difference was found between other clinical and laboratory parameters between the groups. Comparison of demographic, clinical and laboratory characteristics between COVID 19 diagnosed childrens who had deficient and insufficient level of vitamin D (group 1) and covid 19 diagnosed childrens who had normal level of vitamin (group 2) is shown in Table 2.
The distribution of disease severity according to vitamin D levels was not found significantly different (Table 3).
There was a negative correlation found between fever symptom and vitamin D level (p = 0.023, Table 4).