FEASIBILITY AND OUTCOME OF MITRAL VALVE REPAIR IN PATIENTS WITH
INFECTIVE ENDOCARDITIS
Abstract
Objectives. Valve repair is considered the treatment of choice for
native mitral valve regurgitation, although the rate of feasibility when
the defect is caused by acute infective endocarditis (IE) is debated. We
report the experience of valve repair versus replacement following IE in
a high-volume surgical center. Methods. We retrospectively analyzed 363
consecutive patients (123 women) admitted with a diagnosis of definite
IE. We selected 108 patients with native mitral IE, potentially eligible
for surgical repair. Of these 108, 90 (83%) underwent surgery and 18
were treated conservatively. The two primary endpoints were all-cause
mortality and freedom from recurrent endocarditis. Results. Mean age at
surgery was 63.6 years (SD 13.5). Mean vegetation length was 11.6 mm (SD
7.7). Among the 90 surgical patients, 57 (63%) underwent valve
replacement and 33 valve repair (37%). Mean follow-up duration was
three years. All-cause short-term (30 days: 3±3 vs 4±2% for repair and
replacement respectively) and long-term (3 years: 26±9 vs. 36±11%)
mortality was lower, although not-significantly, for valve repair
(figure 1), as well as nonfatal adverse events (15±4 vs. 20±2%) and
relapse rate (1±1% vs. 3±1%) at three years. At echocardiographic
follow-up, no differences were reported between the two groups in terms
of left ventricular systolic function and valvular continence.
Conclusions. In our experience, over one-third of consecutive patients
with native mitral are amenable to valve repair in expert hands.
Mid-term outcome of repair in IE is comparable to valve replacement, and
should be considered whenever possible, as in degenerative valve
disease.