Definition and Data Collection
Patients with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 using reverse-transcriptase–polymerase-chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay of a specimen collected on a nasopharyngeal swab or throat swab regardless of age and gender of the patient were included. A standardized data extraction form was utilized to collect the data from the medical records. The study mentions no identifying information from the participants and all responses were recorded anonymously. The treating doctor in Klinikum altmühlfranken Weißenburg Hospital provided the medical records to the research group. The extraction form entailed epidemiologic data such as the setting of contact and affected family members. We also reported demographic data such as age, gender, and associated comorbidities. Information on clinical symptoms or signs at presentation and X-ray findings were also reported. Moreover, we collected the laboratory markers such as leukocytes and lymphocytes count, red blood cells (RBCs), and hemoglobin. Biochemical variables including lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), urea, creatinine, C-reactive protein (CRP), and electrolytes were reported. Troponin, procalcitonin, and creatine kinase were also collected. Patients were categorized as either needed mechanical ventilation or not.