|
N=10,039 |
N=246 |
|
Age, years, mean (SD) |
66.79 (11.22) |
71.30 (10.73) |
<0.001 |
Female |
3,065 (30.5%) |
66 (26.8%) |
0.21 |
Race |
|
|
|
White |
9,381 (93.4%) |
228 (92.7%) |
0.63 |
Black |
446 (4.4%) |
13 (5.3%) |
0.53 |
Asian |
87 (0.9%) |
2 (0.8%) |
0.93 |
Procedure |
|
|
<0.001 |
CABG |
6314 (62.9%) |
127 (51.6%) |
|
MV repair |
489 (4.9%) |
11 (4.5%) |
|
MV replacement |
207 (2.1%) |
9 (3.7%) |
|
AV replacement |
1544 (15.4%) |
30 (12.2%) |
|
CABG + AV replacement |
1066 (10.6%) |
43 (17.5%) |
|
CABG + MV replacement |
96 (1.0%) |
8 (3.3%) |
|
CABG + MV repair |
323 (3.2%) |
18 (7.3%) |
|
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
2,198 (21.9%) |
72 (29.3%) |
0.006 |
Dyslipidemia |
8,411 (83.8%) |
201 (81.7%) |
0.38 |
Hypertension |
8,624 (85.9%) |
218 (88.6%) |
0.23 |
Atrial fibrillation |
1,224 (12.2%) |
47 (19.1%) |
0.001 |
Congestive heart failure |
2,297 (22.9%) |
111 (45.1%) |
<0.001 |
Previous myocardial infarction |
5,010 (49.9%) |
154 (62.6%) |
<0.001 |
NYHA Class symptoms |
|
|
|
I |
69 (2.8%) |
3 (2.6%) |
0.004 |
II |
513 (20.6%) |
11 (9.5%) |
|
III |
1,159 (46.5%) |
51 (44.0%) |
|
IV |
694 (27.9%) |
49 (42.2%) |
|
Preoperative anticoagulation |
14 (0.1%) |
0 (0.0%) |
0.56 |
Intravenous inotropes |
192 (1.9%) |
14 (5.7%) |
<0.001 |
Number of diseased coronary vessels |
|
|
|
0 |
1,549 (15.6%) |
33 (13.6%) |
0.077 |
1 |
863 (8.7%) |
18 (7.4%) |
|
2 |
1,876 (18.9%) |
34 (14.0%) |
|
3 |
5,653 (56.9%) |
158 (65.0%) |
|
Left main disease |
1,007 (21.0%) |
39 (28.9%) |
0.027 |
Left ventricular EF, %, mean (SD) |
51.51 (12.48) |
47.81(15.44) |
<0.001 |
Operative status |
|
|
|
Elective |
4,561 (45.4%) |
84 (34.1%) |
<0.001 |
Urgent |
5,098 (50.8%) |
136 (55.3%) |
|
Emergent |
372 (3.7%) |
25 (10.2%) |
|
Emergent salvage |
8 (0.1%) |
1 (0.4%) |
|
Cross-clamp time, minutes, mean (SD) |
82.15 (35.54) |
93.04 (40.69) |
<0.001 |
Preoperative intra-aortic balloon pump |
477 (4.8%) |
28 (11.4%) |
<0.001 |
Serum creatinine, mg/dL, mean (SD) |
1.16 (1.01) |
1.48 (1.32) |
<0.001 |
Total albumin, g/dL, mean (SD) |
3.64 (0.46) |
3.46 (0.51) |
<0.001 |
Immunosuppression |
548 (5.5%) |
22 (8.9%) |
0.018 |
Liver disease |
612 (6.8%) |
28 (14.4%) |
<0.001 |
Mediastinal radiation |
174 (1.9%) |
6 (3.1%) |
0.25 |
History of cancer |
613 (6.8%) |
22 (11.3%) |
0.014 |
Peripheral vascular disease |
1,922 (19.1%) |
70 (28.5%) |
<0.001 |
Cerebrovascular disease |
2,192 (21.8%) |
78 (31.7%) |
<0.001 |
Prior transient ischemic attack |
700 (31.4%) |
22 (27.5%) |
0.46 |
Total bilirubin, mg/dL, mean (SD) |
0.69 (0.39) |
0.76 (0.46) |
0.012 |
MELD score, mean (SD) |
8.83 (3.12) |
11.15 (4.45) |
<0.001 |
Brain natriuretic peptide, pg/mL, mean (SD) |
682 (1,126) |
2,602
(10,700) |
<0.001 |
Current smoker |
974 (20.9%) |
20 (15.5%) |
0.14 |
Prior PCI |
3,302 (32.9%) |
99 (40.2%) |
0.015 |
Prior CABG |
498 (5.0%) |
16 (6.5%) |
0.27 |
Prior valve replacement/repair |
158 (1.6%) |
2 (0.8%) |
0.34 |
STS risk of mortality, mean (SD) |
3.10 (4.88) |
7.41 (8.54) |
<0.001 |