Abstract
Soil water stable isotopes are widely used across disciplines (e.g.
hydrology, ecology, soil science, and biogeochemistry). However, the
full potential of stables isotopes as a tool for characterizing the
origin, flow path, transport processes and residence times of water in
different eco-, hydro-, and geological compartments has not yet been
exploited. This is mainly due to the large variety of different methods
for pore water extraction. While recent work has shown that matric
potential affects the equilibrium fractionation, little work has
examined how different water retention characteristics might affect the
sampled water isotopic composition. Here, we present a simple laboratory
experiment with two well-studied standard soils differing in their
physico-chemical properties (e.g., clayey loam and silty sand). Samples
were sieved, oven-dried and spiked with water of known isotopic
composition to full saturation. For investigating the effect of water
retention characteristics on the extracted water isotopic composition,
we used pressure extractors to sample isotopically labelled soil water
along the pF curve. After pressure extraction, we further extracted the
soil samples via cryogenic vacuum extraction. The null hypothesis
guiding our work was that water held at different tensions shows the
same isotopic composition. Our results showed that the sampled soil
water differed isotopically from the introduced isotopic label over time
and sequentially along the pF curve. Our and previous studies suggest
caution in interpreting isotope results of extracted soil water and a
need to better characterize processes that govern isotope fractionation
with respect to soil water retention characteristics. In the future,
knowledge about soil water retention characteristics could be applied to
predict soil water fractionation effects under natural and
non-stationary conditions.