Antimicrobial prescribing in a regional hospital: impact on prescribing
through collaboration with an on-site clinical pharmacy service
Abstract
i. Rationale, aims and objectives Antimicrobial Stewardship programs are
critical for promoting and monitoring judicious use of antimicrobials,
however, there are many well-established barriers to their effective
implementation the rural setting. Pharmacist involvement in such
programs is recommended as part of a multidisciplinary approach to
improve appropriate antimicrobial prescribing. The aim of this study was
to describe the impact of implementing a clinical pharmacy service on
antimicrobial prescribing in a rural GP led hospital; explore areas of
suboptimal antimicrobial prescribing; and review the change in total
antimicrobial cost per patient day. ii. Methods: A retrospective case
series audit of pre- and post-implementation of a new clinical pharmacy
service was undertaken. All adult patients who had presented with
sepsis, cellulitis, urinary tract infections and pneumonia between May
and August 2015 and repeated for months in 2018 were included.
Appropriateness of therapy was assessed using the National Antimicrobial
Prescribing Survey guidelines. iii. Results: A total of 115 antibiotic
orders from 2015 and 158 orders from 2018 were included. During
admission, 86% of patients (55/64) in the post-intervention group were
reviewed by a clinical pharmacist. Appropriate prescribing increased
from 57% (66/115) in 2015 to 82% (129/158) in 2018 (P=0.001).
Ceftriaxone was the most inappropriately prescribed antimicrobial. The
cost of antimicrobial therapy was halved from $10.00 to $5.33 per
patient day, pre- and post-implementation of a clinical pharmacy service
respectively. iv. Conclusions: The implementation of a clinical pharmacy
service in a small rural GP led hospital can significantly improve
antimicrobial prescribing practices and provide considerable cost
savings. Keywords Antimicrobial stewardship; antibiotics; pharmacists;
hospitals, Rural; Inappropriate Prescribing