CONCLUSIONS
A hybrid strategy of direct epicardial ablation supplemented by intramural ethanol injection via surgical approach is feasible and effective in VT patients who were refractory to multiple combined percutaneous catheter ablations. This might be a powerful treatment for challenging VTs, especially in those ICD patients with failed ablation percutaneously.
Acknowledgements: None.
Funding: This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China [2017YFC1307800].
Disclosure: All authors have completed and submitted the ICMJE forms for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest. Dr. Chen reports receiving lecture fee from Biosense Webster, St. Jude Medical, Medtronic, Bayer and Boehringer Ingelheim. No other disclosures were reported.
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Table 1 Patient Baseline Characteristics