Patient Characteristics
178 patients with non-ischemic cardiomyopathy who underwent VT ablation
in our center from 2014 to 2019. Surgical access was finally used in 12
patients. Six patients were enrolled in present study who underwent
direct epicardial ablation plus intramural ethanol injection via
surgical approach. Baseline characteristics were listed in Table 1. All
patients were refractory to at least 1 antiarrhythmic drug (AAD). 4 of 6
(67%) patients had previous ICD implantation. All of them experienced
VT storm and multiple ICD shocks before surgical treatment.