Efficient Approach to Superior Vena Cava Baffle Stenosis Following the
Mustard Procedure: Expanding Role of a Mechanical Rotating Dilator
Sheath for Lead Extraction
Abstract
Introduction: In adult congenital patients with transposition of the
great arteries originally treated with the Mustard (atrial switch)
procedure, the most common reason for re-intervention is baffle
stenosis. This may be exacerbated by permanent transvenous pacemaker
lead placement across the baffle. Case Report: A 47-year-old female
status post Mustard procedure performed at 15 months old presented with
a high-grade stenosis of the superior vena cava (SVC) baffle from the
SVC to the left atrium, with a nonfunctional permanent pacemaker lead
passing through the baffle. A mechanical rotating dilator sheath was
used for attempted lead extraction, relieving the baffle stenosis almost
completely as a secondary effect, prior to the placement of a 10 x 27 mm
Visipro balloon expandable stent in the SVC baffle. Conclusions: Use of
the mechanical rotating dilator sheath is an evolving treatment strategy
in adult congenital heart disease to minimize the risk of bleeding,
trauma to surrounding structures, and death. Its ability to fully
alleviate baffle stenosis even when full lead extraction is not feasible
or is associated with significant procedural risk further demonstrates
its expanded role in this patient population. A multidisciplinary
approach and great diligence must be employed to avoid potential
complications.