Introduction: Early recurrence of atrial tachyarrhythmias (ERAT) cause various symptoms and predict worse outcomes after pulmonary vein isolation (PVI). This study aimed to clarify whether ablation index (AI) guided PVI, which is a novel technology of radiofrequency ablation, could reduce ERAT as compared to conventional contact force (CF) guided PVI. Methods: Consecutive AF patients who underwent initial PVI from September 2014 to August 2019 were enrolled. We divided the patients into two groups: patients who underwent AI-guided PVI (AI group) and those who underwent CF-guided PVI (CF group). Using propensity score matching (PSM), we adjusted for the patient backgrounds. We compared the incidence of ERAT and late reconnection rate of isolated PVs during second session between the two groups. ERAT was defined as any atrial tachyarrhythmias ≥30 seconds during a 90-day blanking period. Results: A total of 697 patients (paroxysmal 51%) were enrolled. After the PSM, both groups included 229 patients. The incidence of ERAT was significantly lower in AI group than CF group (21.5% vs. 36.1%, P<0.001). The rate of PV reconnection was lower in AI group than CF group (45.8% vs. 71.4%, P=0.028). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that AI-guided PVI was independently correlated with the incidence of ERAT (OR=0.415, 95%CI=0.269-0.639, P<0.001). Conclusion: AI-guided PVI can reduce ERAT as compared to conventional CF-guided PVI.