Introduction
In December 2019, an excessive number of cases of pneumonia caused by a new coronavirus identified as SARS-CoV-2 occurred in Wuhan, China. This coronavirus has shown a rapid spread in China and also in other countries. It was found that the genomic sequence of SARS-CoV-2 is 79.5% the same as SARS-CoV-2. Scientists have learned a lot about SARS-CoV-2 and its pathogenesis in recent months and it has been found that not all exposed people are infected and not all infected patients develop serious respiratory diseases.
Based on this, SARS-CoV-2 infection can be divided into three phases: phase 1, asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic incubation period that does not require hospitalization with or without detectable virus; phase 2, non-severely symptomatic period with the presence of the virus; phase 3, severe respiratory symptomatic phase with high viral load and generalized hyperinflammatory state. Phase 3 is the most severe and dangerous phase; the generalized hyperinflammatory state is caused by a sudden release of cytokines into the circulation defined as ”cytokinic storm”(CS).