INTRODUCTION
Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging (DW-MRI) has become in the past 10 years a key element in the diagnostic management of cholesteatoma, when otoscopy and CT are inconclusive in surgery-naive patients or to assess post-operative recurrence or residual cholesteatoma. However, not all DW-MRI hypersignals are cholesteatoma. The aims of this study were first to calculate in our pediatric series the Positive Predictive Value (PPV) of MRI with DWI sequences and then to analyze false positives.