Direct costs Indirect costs
Investigations from private laboratories Income loss of patient
Hiring of paid bystanders Income loss of bystander
Expenses to transport the patient to and from the hospital Income loss of others at home
Purchase of food and consumables for the patient
Costs of alternatives for duties the patient used to carry out for the family (e.g. cooking – having to buy food for family, hire a taxi for transport)
Expenses to visit the patient
Purchase of drugs from pharmacies
Purchase of equipment for procedures/patient care E.g. haemodialysis cartridges, air mattress, compression stockings
expenses recognized only by patients; expenses recognized only by the doctors expenses recognized only by patients; expenses recognized only by the doctors