Diffusion characteristic time (s) Diffusion characteristic time (s) Diffusion characteristic time (s) Diffusion characteristic time (s) Diffusion characteristic time (s) Diffusion characteristic time (s)
Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli) Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli) Gram-positive bacteria (B. subtilis) Gram-positive bacteria (B. subtilis) Animal cell (HeLa cells) Animal cell (HeLa cells)
Diffusional Barriers 10 bp 40 bp 10 bp 40 bp 10 bp 40 bp
Bulk solution 5.6 - 142 15.1 -313 5.5-141 15.0-310 1.8-46.9 5.0-103
Cell membrane/envelope
Lipid membranes
1.0 †
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
Periplasm
3.8x10-7
1.8x10-6
-
-
-
-
Peptidoglycan
2700
2700
4524
4524
-
.
Cytoplasm 2.1x10-3 1.01x10-2 2.1x10-3 1.01x10-2 2.8x10-2 7.7x10-2
Reaction 9.8x10-4 (for 16 bp) 9.8x10-4 (for 16 bp) 9.8x10-4 (for 16 bp) 9.8x10-4 (for 16 bp) 0.02 (for 16 bp) 0.02 (for 16 bp)
† value for the inner membrane only † value for the inner membrane only † value for the inner membrane only † value for the inner membrane only † value for the inner membrane only † value for the inner membrane only † value for the inner membrane only