Figure 11. On line images of crystal nucleation, growth procedure in 10 L crystallizer and the terminal crystal products of different MACC and conventional cooling crystallization (with seed and no seed).
It was notable that all the MACC experiments were scaled up from 100 mL crystallizer to 2 L crystallizer then to 10 L crystallizer and had been repeated for more than ten times parallelly to indicate the stable nucleation and auto-seeding performance of the membrane module. In addition, the PTFE and PES hollow fiber membrane module utilized for MACC test had both be reused for more than one hundred times with stable performance, which is benefited by the excellent mechanical stability and chemical resistance of the chosen polymeric materials.